Ch. 10 Nail Disorders and Diseases.

The surface of a healthy natural nail should be

• smooth and spotted
• flexible and spotted
• smooth and unspotted
• pitted and rough

Clients with skin or nails that are infected, inflamed, or swollen should be referred to a

• technician
• physician
• stylist
• estetician

Visible depressions running across the width of the natural nail plate that are the results of a major illness or injury are known as

• eggshell nails
• narrow lines
• beau's lines
• hangnails

What is a nail condition in which blood clots form under the nail plate due to a small injury of the nail plate?

• bruised nails
• blue nails
• abnormal nails
• bruised onychia

Which type of nail has a noticeably thin, white nail plate, and is more flexible than a normal nails?

• ingrown
• bitten
• leukonychia
• eggshell

When the eponychium or other living tissue surrounding the nail plate becomes split or torn, a _________ occurs

• purogenic granuloma
• trumpet nails
• splinter hemorrhage
• hangnail

Which treatment should be suggested to an individual with a simple hangnail?

• removal of the damaged nail
• hot oil manicures
• removal of the entire cuticle, including living portions
• daily use of medicated soaps

Redness, pain and swelling are best described as a sign of

• cosmetic defect
• deformity
• infection
• abrasion

Minor damage to the matrix that produces a whitish discoloration or white spots on the nails is known as

• leukonychia
• melanonychia
• hangnail
• nail fungus

Leukonychia spots result from

• injury to the nail matrix
• calcium deficiency
• zinc excess
• excess malanocytes