Chronic Kidney Disease

The nurse reviews the client's medical history. What part of the medical history should the nurse consider relevant to the client's current history? (Select all that apply. One, some, or all options may be correct.)

• Gender

• Hypertension

• Long term use of Furosemide

• Polycystic Kidney Disease

• Diabetes Mellitus

Which additional symptoms should the nurse ask about? (Select all that apply. One, some, or all options may be correct.)

• Nausea

• Clay-colored stool

• Decreased attention span

• Stridor

• Itching

Based on the client's symptoms, what should the nurse suspect?

• The client has anemia and may need to get a blood transfusion.

• The client has a urinary tract infection and may need an antibiotic.

• The client has a pneumonia and may need an inhaler.

• The client has uremia and may need to start dialysis.
  

The nurse is teaching the client about progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Which evaluation statement documented by the nurse indicates the client's understanding of the disease process?

• The client verbalizes understanding that their chronic kidney disease can be cured if diabetes and hypertension are controlled better.

• The client understands that they will require a kidney transplant in order to live and they have a brother who will donate a kidney to them.

• The client acknowledges that renal replacement therapy will need to be initiated immediately to rid the body of waste and maintain fluid balance.

• The client understands that they are having a relapse of chronic kidney disease and requires dialysis until their kidneys have recovered.

Which lab value would the nurse be most concerned about?

• Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 9 mL/min/1.73m².

• Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 100 mg/dL (35.7 mmol/L).

• Parathyroid hormone (PTH) of 182 pg/mL (182 ng/L).

• Phosphorous of 5.5 mg/dL (1.78 mmol/L)

The client's hemoglobin level is 7.8 g/dL (78 g/L). What action should the nurse take?

• Obtain a urine specimen to assess for hematuria.

• Obtain an order to start an erythropoietin stimulating agent (ESA).

• Continue to observe the client.

• Send the client to the hospital for a blood transfusion.

What is the correct interpretation of these ABGs?

• Respiratory acidosis (compensated).

• Respiratory alkalosis (compensated).

• Metabolic acidosis (compensated).

• Metabolic alkalosis (compensated).

After the nurse completes the assessment, what findings are most important to report to the healthcare provider (HCP) ? (Select all that apply. One, some, or all options may be correct.)

• Blood pressure of 178/92 mmHg.

• Respiratory rate of 28 breaths per minute.

• Bibasilar crackles.

• Edema

• Clear, pale urine.

Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the desired outcome of the calcium acetate has been achieved?

• Serum glucose of 90 mg/dL (5.0 mmol/L).

• Serum phosphorous of 4.0 mg/dL (1.29 mmol/L).

• Serum calcium level of 10.2 mg/dL (2.55 mmol/L).

• Serum hemoglobin of 12 g/dL (120 g/L).

Which assessment should the nurse perform to determine if the desired outcome of the losartan has been achieved?

• Apical pulse.

• Blood pressure.

• Intake and output.

• Fingerstick glucose.