Elements and Principles of Art

An enclosed space defined by line, color, or texture.

• Shape

• Form

• Value

• Space

The element that shows the lightness or darkness of color.

• Texture

• Value

• Line

• Space

A three-dimensional element of art that has depth.

• Shape

• Form

• Line

• Texture

The element that refers to the tactile quality of a surface.

• Space

• Texture

• Form

• Value

The element referring to distance, area, or volume.

• Space

• Line

• Form

• Shape

The element that exists when a mark connects two points.

• Shape

• Line

• Value

• Space

The vertical line suggests:

• Stability and strength

• Calmness and rest

• Movement and action

• Flexibility and grace

The horizontal line suggests:

• Action and motion

• Calmness and rest

• Aspiration and growth

• Restlessness and anxiety

The diagonal line suggests:

• Restlessness

• Calmness

• Action and movement

• Balance

The curved line suggests:

• Rigidity

• Grace and flexibility

• Aspiration

• Strength