The Berlin Blockade and Airlift

What was the main problem the Allies faced in accessing their zones in Berlin?

• The Allies could only access their zones by road, rail and three specific air corridors.

• The Allies were not allowed to enter Berlin at all.

• The Allies could only use waterways to access Berlin.

• The Allies had unlimited access to all parts of Berlin.

What did the West want for Germany, and what did the USSR want?

• The West wanted a democratic and economically stable Germany; the USSR wanted Germany weak and under Soviet influence.

• The West wanted Germany to be divided permanently; the USSR wanted a united and strong Germany.

• The West wanted Germany to be communist; the USSR wanted Germany to be capitalist.

• The West wanted Germany to remain neutral; the USSR wanted Germany to join NATO.

How did the Soviets respond to the unification of the Western zones in Germany and the introduction of a new currency?

• The USSR blocked all land and water routes into West Berlin, cutting off food, fuel, and other essential supplies.

• The USSR withdrew its troops from East Germany in protest.

• The USSR immediately recognized the new West German government.

• The USSR offered economic aid to the Western zones.

How did the Western Allies respond to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin?

• They flew thousands of tonnes of supplies into West Berlin daily for nearly a year (the Berlin Airlift).

• They surrendered West Berlin to the Soviets.

• They launched a military attack on East Berlin.

• They built a wall around West Berlin.

The Berlin Airlift is an important event. Which of the following lists three causes and three consequences of the Berlin Airlift?

• Causes: Soviet blockade, division of Berlin, Western Allies' refusal to withdraw. Consequences: Increased Cold War tensions, formation of NATO, successful airlift operation.

• Causes: End of World War I, fall of the Berlin Wall, German reunification. Consequences: Start of World War II, collapse of the Soviet Union, creation of the European Union.

• Causes: Cuban Missile Crisis, Korean War, Vietnam War. Consequences: Space Race, Watergate scandal, Marshall Plan.

• Causes: Treaty of Versailles, Russian Revolution, Great Depression. Consequences: League of Nations, United Nations, Warsaw Pact.

The Berlin Blockade ended in May 1949 when the Soviets eventually backed down, and there were no military or civilian casualties during the blockade.

• True

• False

What event marked the beginning of the nuclear arms race according to the passage?

• The Cuban Missile Crisis

• The dropping of atom bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki

• The building of the Berlin Wall

• The Korean War

Who was the leader of the USSR when they first tested their own atom bomb in 1949?

• Stalin

• Khrushchev

• Lenin

• Brezhnev

What does M-A-D stand for in the context of the Cold War nuclear arms race?

• Mutually Assured Destruction

• Military Arms Development

• Massive Atomic Deployment

• Mutual Atomic Defense

Who replaced Stalin as the leader of the USSR in 1953?

• A) Nikita Khrushchev

• B) Leonid Brezhnev

• C) Mikhail Gorbachev

• D) Boris Yeltsin