Plate Tectonics

What does the theory of plate tectonics explain about Earth?

• The formation of stars and galaxies.

• The structure and behavior of Earth, including continents, oceans, mountains, and volcanoes.

• The movement of celestial bodies in the solar system.

• The chemical composition of the Earth's core.

Which scientist proposed the idea of moving or drifting continents, backed by evidence like fossil distribution and rock types?

• Harry Hess

• Marie Tharp

• Alfred Wegener

• Robert Dietz

Who published the first physiographic map of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, revealing its vast mountain spine and fracture lines?

• Fred Vine and Drummond Matthews

• Harry Hess

• Bruce Heezen and Marie Tharp

• Alfred Wegener

What process describes magma spilling out from mid-oceanic ridges, pushing old seafloor away and creating new crust?

• Continental subduction

• Paleomagnetism

• Seafloor spreading

• Oceanic trench formation

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What causes oceanic crust to subduct beneath continental crust?

• Oceanic crust is thicker than continental crust.

• Continental crust is denser than oceanic crust.

• Oceanic crust is thinner and denser than continental crust.

• Continental crust is thinner and less buoyant than oceanic crust.

Which of the following was NOT explicitly mentioned as a confirmed piece of scientific knowledge that contributed to the revolution in Earth science?

• Ocean mapping

• Seafloor spreading

• Paleomagnetism

• The composition of the Earth's core

Which type of plate boundary is characterized by plates sliding horizontally past each other, causing stress buildup and earthquakes?

• Divergent plate boundary

• Convergent plate boundary

• Transform plate boundary

• Subduction zone

How do continents grow according to the video?

• Through the accumulation of oceanic crust at divergent boundaries.

• By absorbing fragments of crust like island arcs and undersea volcanoes through collision.

• Primarily through the continuous eruption of magma at continental shields.

• By the gradual uplift of the ocean floor due to mantle plumes.