What does the theory of evolution help us understand?

• How life began on Earth.

• How life diversified into many forms.

• How modern creatures adapt and change.

• Both B and C.

In biology, how is evolution defined?

• Any change in the physical traits of an individual.

• Any change in the heritable traits within a population across generations.

• The process by which organisms become more complex over time.

• The survival of the fittest.

What is a DNA mutation?

• The process of duplicating DNA.

• An error that occurs when DNA is being copied, modifying the DNA code.

• The combination of DNA from two parents.

• A change in an organism's behavior.

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What contributes to the unique traits of offspring in sexually reproducing organisms?

• Only the DNA from the mother.

• Only the DNA from the father.

• A unique recombination of parental DNA and new traits from DNA mutations.

• Environmental factors during development.

What is biological evolution?

• Any change in the heritable traits within a population across generations.

• The process by which organisms adapt to their environment during their lifetime.

• The development of new species from existing ones in a single generation.

• Random changes in an individual's genetic makeup.

How did the diverse breeds of dogs, such as large Great Danes and small Chihuahuas, originate from ancestral wolves?

• Through random mutations that occurred naturally over time.

• Humans selectively bred wolves with desired traits, leading to new breeds.

• Wolves spontaneously transformed into different dog breeds to adapt to new environments.

• Different wolf species interbred to create the variety of dogs seen today.

What does the observable evidence from fields like genetics, chemistry, and paleontology suggest about all living things on Earth?

• Each species evolved independently without any shared lineage.

• All living things are related and share a common ancestor.

• Life forms were created in their current state and have not changed.

• Only animals share a common ancestor, while plants and microorganisms do not.

What process, independently discovered by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace, is capable of guiding random evolution to produce order and complex function?

• Genetic drift

• Artificial selection

• Natural selection

• Spontaneous generation