Biology and Virology Terms

Eukaryote

• Organism whose cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

• Single-celled organism without a nucleus

• Organism that reproduces asexually only

• Organism with a simple cell structure

Metabolism

• The process of photosynthesis in plants.

• The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.

• The breakdown of food into energy.

• The process of cell division and reproduction.

Organelle

• A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell

• A type of protein that helps in cell division

• A large structure that stores genetic information

• A fluid-filled sac that holds waste products

Host

• An organism on which a parasite lives.

• A type of parasite that lives in water.

• A plant that provides nutrients to animals.

• A disease that affects living organisms.

Bacteriophage

• A virus that infects bacteria

• A type of bacteria

• A virus that infects plants

• A type of antibiotic

Envelope

• A membranelike layer that covers the capsids of some viruses

• A type of protein found in all cells

• A structure that provides energy to the cell

• A carbohydrate layer that protects bacteria

genome

• The complete set of genes or genetic material in a cell or organism

• A type of protein that helps in DNA replication

• The process of cell division

• A sequence of amino acids in a protein

Antibiotic

• A chemical that kills bacteria or slows their growth without harming body cells.

• A type of medication used to treat viral infections.

• A substance that enhances the immune system's response to infections.

• A chemical that promotes the growth of bacteria.

Infection

• Contamination or invasion of body tissue by pathogenic organisms

• A process of healing wounds

• A type of allergic reaction

• A method of vaccination

Provirus

• Viral RNA that is transcribed from the host cell's RNA

• Viral DNA that has attached to and is replicated with the host cells DNA

• Viral proteins that are produced by the host cell

• Viral particles that are released from the host cell