Quarter 1 Assessment

Which of the following BEST explains why the growth in world exploration in the 1400s and 1500s helped lead to the Scientific Revolution?

• Explorers paid more attention to territorial conquest than to book learning in their travels.

• Explorers developed the scientific method to test new theories about navigation.

• Explorers found new information about the world that went against existing beliefs of the time.

• Explorers brought back evidence that supported the ideas of the Catholic Church.

The Renaissance took place in Europe in the 14th and 15th centuries. Historians consider it a renaissance, or rebirth, because it was a time period of unprecedented growth in the arts and sciences. Part of the impetus for the Renaissance was the Black Death, or bubonic plague, which killed millions of Europeans. This had one positive effect: It left more in terms of food, resources, and wealth for those who survived. This bounty helped usher in an economic boom. Trade rebounded, a large middle class grew, governments reorganized and life was generally more stable and prosperous. All of this activity encouraged artists and thinkers to create and learn. These new thinkers loved Greek and Roman writing. They read it, copied and translated it and wrote responses. Most of them wrote with pens, which they had to dip into ink every few seconds. But in Germany, a man named Johann Gutenberg (1398-1468) soon changed the world with his invention—a movable-type printing press. With this invention, letters could be rearranged so that books could be printed quickly. This forever changed the world of literature, creating an explosion of books.

• It made people give more money to the Church, and the Church used its wealth to sponsor artists.

• When his brother died of the Black Death, Johannes Gutenberg inherited the print shop in which he would invent moveable type.

• It inspired writers and painters to make art that celebrated life in order to make people feel better.

• It decreased the population, so each person could have more resources, creating economic prosperity.

What was one impact European Exploration had on the Native Americans?

• Natives adopted to European farming techniques

• Conflicts between explorers and natives ended

• Natives resettled throughout Europe

• Diseases brought by Europeans resulted in numerous deaths

What was one effect of the Triangular Trade on the Americas during the colonial era?

• creation of a confederacy of native peoples

• improvement in industrial practices

• introduction of the African slave trade

• extinction of native livestock

What was the Columbian Exchange?

• The Exchange of plants, animals and disease between the Old World and the New World.

• When the Spanish conquistadors traded in their Incan hostages for hold on the border between Colombia and Peru.

• When Columbus made the first trade of glass beads for gold with the Native Americans.

• The trading of information between European nations after their various voyages of exploration.

What does the word "Renaissance" mean?

• religious

• artist

• spiritual awakening

• rebirth

One major characteristic of the Renaissance period is that the

• Manor became the center of economic activity

• Catholic Church no longer had any influence in Europe

• Major language of the people became Latin

• Cultures of Greece and Rome were revived and imitated

How has the Scientific Revolution impacted Science today?

• Scientific theories are limited by the beliefs of the Catholic Church.

• Scientific theories are based on reason and evidence.

• Scientific theories are proved by history.

• Scientific theories are limited by the Absolute Monarch.

Which of the following best explains why European rulers encouraged ocean exploration?

• To increase the Native American population.

• To be the first to take claim of unexplored land and resources.

• To have a place to send criminals.

• To annihilate Native Americans.

What was the Age of Exploration?

• A time period when several colonies were fighting to colonize Africa, which lead to the "Scramble for Africa"

• A time period when the Europeans began to explore the rest of the world

• A time period when large racism existed in the Americas which lead to the Civil Rights Movement

• The policy leading to a Civil War in Europe causing several million deaths