What concept is highlighted when discussing the historical narratives of the Greeks and Persians?

• Cultural diffusion

• Historical bias

• Economic interdependence

• Military alliances

Who was the Greek historian whose writings about the Persian Wars are a primary source of information about the Persian Empire?

• Plato

• Socrates

• Herodotus

• Aristotle

Which Persian king founded the Achaemenid Dynasty and conquered Mesopotamia, ending the Babylonian Exile?

• Darius I

• Xerxes I

• Cyrus the Great

• Cambyses II

How did the Persian Empire generally govern its conquered kingdoms?

• By forcing immediate conversion to Zoroastrianism.

• By imposing extremely high taxes and forced labor.

• By allowing local kings and elites to rule if they pledged allegiance and paid taxes.

• By completely replacing all local customs and leaders with Persian ones.

Which of the following was a significant contribution of the ancient Greeks to Western culture?

• The development of the first printing press.

• The concept of a unified global empire.

• The foundation of democratic principles.

• The invention of gunpowder.

What was a primary reason for the start of the Persian Wars?

• Sparta's desire to expand its territory.

• Athens' support for rebellious Ionian Greeks against the Persian Empire.

• A dispute over trade routes in the Aegean Sea.

• The Persian Empire's attempt to spread democracy.

How did the shared victory in the Persian Wars impact the Greek city-states?

• It led to the immediate formation of a unified Greek empire.

• It caused them to identify more strongly as "Greeks" rather than solely by their city-state.

• It resulted in Sparta becoming the dominant power in Greece.

• It led to a decline in cultural and artistic achievements.

Which two major Greek city-states were the primary combatants in the Peloponnesian War?

• Athens and Persia

• Sparta and Persia

• Athens and Sparta

• Corinth and Thebes

What principle did the Athenians express during the Melian Dialogue, according to Thucydides?

• All nations should strive for peaceful coexistence.

• The strong do what they can, and the weak suffer what they must.

• Democracy is the only just form of government.

• Neutrality is always the best policy in times of war.

What was a criticism leveled against Athenian democracy by the speaker?

• It was too inclusive, allowing all residents to participate.

• Its government was notoriously corrupt and derived power from imperialism.

• It failed to produce any significant philosophers or artists.

• It was too focused on military expansion rather than cultural development.