Nuclear Reactions and Atomic Structure

What is the energy called that holds the protons and neutrons inside an atom's nucleus?

• Chemical energy

• Kinetic energy

• Binding energy

• Thermal energy

What are protons and neutrons, which make up the nucleus of an atom, collectively called?

• Electrons

• Molecules

• Nucleons

• Ions

What is the term for the difference between the total mass of individual protons and neutrons and the actual mass of the nucleus they form?

• Mass gain

• Mass defect

• Mass surplus

• Mass balance

Which type of nuclear reaction involves a heavy nucleus splitting into two lighter ones?

• Fusion

• Fission

• Combustion

• Synthesis

What can happen in a nuclear power plant if the chain reaction is not controlled?

• The plant will freeze.

• The uranium fuel can melt.

• The reaction will stop on its own.

• It will produce less heat.

What is the main job of control rods in a nuclear reactor?

• To add more uranium fuel.

• To make the reaction go faster.

• To absorb neutrons and slow down the reaction.

• To cool the reactor with water.

Why is nuclear waste from fission reactions a problem for the environment?

• It is very cold and can freeze things.

• It quickly becomes harmless.

• It stays radioactive for a very long time.

• It can be easily turned into new fuel.

What kind of nuclear reaction powers the Sun?

• Fission

• Fusion

• Combustion

• Decay