Chapter 2: Chemistry in Living Systems

Why is water considered crucial for life on Earth?

• Because it is the only liquid on Earth

• Because it supports all known forms of life

• Because it is always found in solid form

• Because it is not needed by organisms

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Which property of water makes it important to organisms?

• Its ability to dissolve many substances

• Its solid state at room temperature

• Its lack of interaction with other chemicals

• Its inability to change temperature

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How is matter changed in chemical reactions?

• Matter disappears completely

• Matter is rearranged to form new substances

• Matter remains exactly the same

• Matter turns into energy only

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How do organisms use chemistry to survive?

• By ignoring chemical reactions

• By using chemical reactions to obtain energy and build materials

• By avoiding all chemical changes

• By only using physical changes

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What materials are organisms made of?

• Only water

• Only metals

• A variety of chemical compounds

• Only gases

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What role do chemical reactions play when food encounters gastric juice in your stomach?

• They help break down the food.

• They make the food taste better.

• They cool down the food.

• They change the color of the food only.

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Which of the following best describes what happens to food when it undergoes a chemical reaction in the stomach?

• The food is physically mixed but not changed.

• The food is broken down into simpler substances.

• The food is frozen.

• The food is turned into gas only.

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Why is it important for food to undergo chemical reactions in the stomach?

• To make it easier for the body to absorb nutrients.

• To make the food look more appealing.

• To keep the food whole for longer.

• To increase the temperature of the food.

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What is the smallest basic unit of matter?

• Atom

• Molecule

• Element

• Compound

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Which of the following best describes an element?

• A substance made of one type of atom that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions

• A mixture of different atoms

• A combination of molecules

• A substance that can be separated into simpler substances by physical means