Energy Topic 1 Test

The yearly Kentucky Derby is one of the most exciting horse races. In 1973, the horse Secretariat set a record that still stands. This 500-kg horse ran the 2000-m track in 120 s, an average speed of 16.7 m/s. What was Secretariat’s average kinetic energy, to the nearest 1000 J?

• A. 4000 J

• B. 8000 J

• C. 70,000 J

• D. 139,000 J

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

Marcus is hanging a porch swing on his front porch. The first thing he has to do is attach two springs to the ceiling. Then, he fastens the swing to the springs so that they can stretch and support the weight of the swing. Which is a type of potential energy the springs have?

• A. elastic

• B. gravitational

• C. kinetic

• D. electrical

Maria’s class has learned how to drop an egg without breaking it. After 0.2 s, the kinetic energy of the falling egg is 0.5 J. If its mechanical energy is 2.3 J, what is its potential energy?

• A. 1.2 J

• B. 1.8 J

• C. 2.8 J

• D. 4.6 J

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

According to the graph, what is the mechanical energy of the ball?

• 0 J

• 5 J

• 20 J to 25 J

• 0 J to 4 J

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

If the graph showed the ball reaching the bottom of the hill and stopping, how would the graph change, and how would coming to a stop affect the mechanical energy of the ball?

• The graph would show the ball's kinetic energy dropping to zero, and the mechanical energy would decrease as energy is lost to friction and other forces.

• The graph would show the ball's kinetic energy increasing, and the mechanical energy would remain constant.

• The graph would show the ball's potential energy increasing, and the mechanical energy would increase.

• The graph would show no change, and the mechanical energy would stay the same.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

At what point on the track does the car have the greatest potential energy? The greatest kinetic energy?

• at the ending point; at the starting point

• at the starting point; at the ending point

• at the highest point on the track; at the lowest point on the track

• at the lowest point on the track; at the highest point on the track

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

You probably use the term heat many times a day. As an example, when you cook dinner, you heat your dinner on a hot stove. When you place a piece of cool metal in the sun, it is heated by the sun’s energy. Why is heat the correct term to use in these examples?

• They show that when objects are touching, they are the same temperature.

• They show that heat flows from something warmer to something cooler.

• They indicate that heat is created to raise the temperature of something.

• They indicate that the kinetic energy of the particles decreases when something is heated.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What should Eric conclude about what happens when heat is added or removed from an object after he completed his test with the mug of hot chocolate?

• Arrow A shows the direction heat flowed because the temperature of his hand increased as heat was absorbed by his hand.

• Arrow A shows the direction heat flowed because the temperature of his hand increased as heat was released from his hand.

• Arrow B shows the direction heat flowed because the temperature of the hot chocolate changed as heat was absorbed by the mug.

• Arrow B shows the direction heat flowed because the temperature of the hot chocolate changed as heat was absorbed by his hand.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

10. Eric should conclude that when heat is added or removed from an object, heat flows from the warmer object to the cooler one, as shown by the direction of the arrows, and the object gaining energy absorbs heat while the object losing energy releases heat. Which statement best describes what happens when heat is added or removed from an object?

• Heat flows from the warmer object to the cooler one, and the object gaining energy absorbs heat while the object losing energy releases heat.

• Heat always flows from the cooler object to the warmer one, and both objects absorb heat.

• Heat flows in both directions equally, and neither object releases energy.

• Heat only flows if both objects are the same temperature, and only the warmer object absorbs heat.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A student likes to attend football games, no matter how cold and snowy the weather becomes. She is going to a game on a very cold day and takes along a hand warmer. She activates it and tucks it into the glove she is wearing. She holds her hands together, and before long, her hands are warm. Which best describes how her hands were warmed?

• A. Heat was transferred by conduction, resulting in an increase in kinetic energy.

• B. Heat was transformed by convection, resulting in the conservation of energy.

• C. Thermal energy was transferred by currents, resulting in an increase in kinetic energy.

• D. Heat was transformed by radiation, resulting in an increase in kinetic energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4