Decolonization and Independence Movements

By what decade did the majority of Europe's colonies gain independence?

• 1950s

• 1960s

• 1970s

• 1980s

What was a significant consequence of the British granting independence to South Asia in 1947?

• A peaceful transition of power to a unified nation.

• The creation of two new nations, India and Pakistan, leading to violent conflict.

• The establishment of a single, secular state with equal rights for all religions.

• Continued British military presence to maintain order.

Which of the following countries achieved independence through comparatively peaceful negotiations or civil disobedience, rather than prolonged violent conflict?

• Algeria

• Kenya

• Ghana

• Vietnam

What methods did European colonizers often use to suppress independence movements in areas with numerous white settlers, such as Algeria and Kenya?

• Negotiating peaceful transitions and offering economic aid.

• Employing torture, confiscating land, and incarcerating local people.

• Establishing democratic elections and local self-governance.

• Withdrawing military forces and allowing immediate independence.

What challenge did many newly independent nations face regarding their infrastructure after gaining independence?

• Their infrastructure was designed to benefit local communities.

• Their infrastructure was primarily built to extract resources for colonial powers.

• They had too much infrastructure and couldn't maintain it.

• They immediately received new infrastructure from former colonial powers.

How did some African women, like Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti, express cultural decolonization?

• They adopted European fashion to show modernity.

• They rejected traditional clothing in favor of new styles.

• They returned to traditional clothing, rejecting British dress codes.

• They created new hybrid clothing styles blending European and African elements.

What was a significant negative impact of the migration of skilled workers from newly independent countries to Europe?

• It led to increased cultural exchange in Europe.

• It caused a decrease in European racism.

• Newly independent nations lost their best-educated and highly skilled workers.

• It resulted in a decline in Europe's economy.

During the Cold War, what was the primary goal of aid provided by superpowers to newly independent nations?

• To minimize human suffering and build essential infrastructure.

• To increase dependence on either communist or capitalist ideologies.

• To promote democracy and self-sufficiency.

• To encourage neutrality and non-alignment.