Practice 5

What is the main job of the phloem in a plant?

a) Transport water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves.

b) Carry sugars (food) from the leaves to the roots and other parts of the plant.

c) Store extra water and nutrients in the plant stem.

d) Provide structural support and rigidity to the plant's stalk

Besides water, which of the following is an essential raw material that plants must take in from the environment to create sugar molecules during photosynthesis?

a) Nitrogen from the soil

b) Oxygen from the air

c) Glucose from the soil

d) Carbon dioxide from the air

Which structure on a plant's leaf surface plays the most direct role in limiting the amount of water vapor that escapes into the atmosphere?

a) The xylem tissue

b) The stomata (openings)

c) The chloroplasts

d) The cuticle (waxy layer)

What is the main organic product created by a plant during photosynthesis that serves as both a primary source of chemical energy and the fundamental material for building new plant biomass?

a) Oxygen (O2​)

b) Water (H2​O)

c) Glucose (Sugar)

d) Minerals and Nutrients

What is the main function of the green pigment chlorophyll found inside a plant's leaves?

a) It acts as a defense mechanism to repel insects.

b) It absorbs the light energy required to power the conversion of water and carbon dioxide into food.

c) It is responsible for carrying water from the roots up to the leaves.

d) It stores excess sugar for the plant until it is needed for growth

Plants that live high in mountain regions or in dry, sun-exposed plains often have leaves that are small, thick, and covered in fine, tiny hairs.

Explain why this combination of leaf features (small size, thickness, and hairiness) is beneficial for survival in an environment with very high light intensity and often dry conditions.

Describe the primary role of the following in plant photosynthesis and survival. (2 marks)

Water (H2​O):

Stomata: