Elimination and Substitution Reactions

What determines if a substrate is classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary?

• The number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon with the leaving group.

• The number of carbon atoms attached to the carbon with the leaving group.

• The strength of the nucleophile reacting with the substrate.

• The type of solvent used in the reaction.

Which reaction mechanisms involve the formation of a carbocation intermediate?

• SN2 and E2

• SN1 and E1

• SN1 and SN2

• E1 and E2

Which type of reaction do methyl substrates exclusively undergo?

• E1 elimination reactions

• SN1 substitution reactions

• E2 elimination reactions

• SN2 substitution reactions

Under what conditions can primary substrates undergo E2 elimination reactions?

• When they encounter a weak nucleophile.

• When they encounter a strong, bulky base.

• When they are in a polar protic solvent.

• When they form a stable carbocation.

What happens to a chemical reaction that increases disorder when the temperature is raised?

• It becomes less likely to happen

• It becomes more likely to happen

• It stays the same

• It slows down

How do elimination reactions compare to substitution reactions in terms of the number of products formed?

• Elimination reactions form fewer products

• Elimination reactions form the same number of products

• Elimination reactions form more products

• The number of products depends on the specific reactants

Why are tertiary substrates generally unable to undergo SN2 reactions?

• They form unstable carbocations

• They are too small

• They have too much steric hindrance

• They prefer to form alcohols

What kind of base would lead to a less substituted alkene product, going against Zaitsev's rule?

• A weak base

• A strong but small base

• A very bulky base

• An acidic base