Fill in the blank: One of the keywords listed in the article is _________.

• assessment

• experiment

• conclusion

• variable

Fill in the blank: The article discusses the assessment of ________ competence.

• professional

• physical

• technical

• social

Based on the abstract, Miller's pyramid is used for which purpose in the context of professional competence assessment?

• To assess levels of professional competence

• To measure physical fitness

• To evaluate financial performance

• To determine patient satisfaction

According to the article, what is Miller's pyramid used for in medical education assessment?

• A) Organizing review of assessment

• B) Diagnosing diseases

• C) Teaching patient management

• D) Evaluating hospital performance

Fill in the blank: The phenomenon that candidates' performance on one case was a poor predictor of performance on any other given case, even within the same domain, is termed the '__________' problem of (clinical) competence.

• content specificity

• case variability

• domain inconsistency

• performance unpredictability

Which of the following is described as the dominant source of unreliability in Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE)?

• Assessor error

• Content specificity

• Patient error

• Task variability

What is the stimulus format for the 'Shows how' layer in Miller's pyramid?

• Habitual practice performance

• Hands-on (patient) standardized scenario or simulation

• Fact oriented

• Patient scenario, simulation

What is the response format for the 'Knows' layer in Miller's pyramid?

• Direct observation, checklists, rating scales, narratives

• Menu, written, open, oral, computer-based

• Direct observation, checklists, rating scales

• Simulation

According to the passage, what is a major consequence of content specificity for assessment?

• Small samples are sufficient for reliable assessment

• Large samples are required to make reliable and generalisable inferences

• Short tests are always generalisable

• Single-point assessments are highly reliable

Fill in the blank: The wisest strategy for assessment is to combine information across content, across time and across different ________ sources.

• assessment

• financial

• media

• technical