External Exam 2024

Based on the trends shown in Graph 1, which category of development does it most likely represent?

• Least developed

• More developed

• Newly industrialized

• Highly urbanized

Explain why more developed countries may experience negative population growth in the future.

• Because they have negative natural increase and rely on immigration to maintain population.

• Because they have high birth rates and low death rates.

• Because they have high emigration and low immigration.

• Because they have rapid urbanization and industrialization.

Based on the data provided, which country is projected to have the largest population in 2050, and how does this compare to its ranking in 1990 and 2022?

• India; it was ranked 2nd in 1990 and 2022, but is projected to be 1st in 2050.

• China; it was ranked 1st in 1990 and 2022, and is projected to remain 1st in 2050.

• USA; it was ranked 3rd in all years.

• Nigeria; it was ranked 10th in 1990 and is projected to be 1st in 2050.

Which country is projected to experience the largest increase in population ranking from 1990 to 2050, and what evidence supports this trend?

• Nigeria; it moves from 10th in 1990 to 4th in 2022 and 3rd in 2050.

• Japan; it moves from 7th in 1990 to out of the top 10 in 2050.

• Brazil; it remains in the top 10 but drops in ranking.

• Russian Federation; it remains in the top 10 but drops in ranking.

Based on the data provided, which Australian state had the highest net interstate migration in 2023?

• Queensland

• New South Wales

• Victoria

• Western Australia

Based on the table, which state experienced a negative net interstate migration in 2023?

• Queensland

• South Australia

• Victoria

• Western Australia

Why is a divergent column or bar graph considered the most appropriate representation for the data on components of annual population growth?

• It allows for the comparison of positive and negative values clearly

• It is the only type of graph available

• It does not require axis labels

• It is easier to draw than other graphs

According to the sample response, what is a relevant geographical challenge for Victoria due to its rapidly growing population?

• Maintaining a workforce

• Ensuring adequate housing to accommodate additional people

• Economic decline

• Decreasing urban sprawl

If a state is experiencing a slowly growing population, which of the following is a relevant geographical challenge it may face?

• Urban sprawl

• Maintaining a workforce

• Increased housing demand

• Increased transport infrastructure

Based on the population pyramid for China, what is population momentum and how does it affect future population growth even when fertility rates fall below replacement level?

• Population momentum is the immediate decline in population after fertility rates drop, causing rapid aging of the population.

• Population momentum is the continued growth of a population after fertility rates fall below replacement level, due to the age structure and number of women in reproductive age.

• Population momentum is the increase in birth rates due to government incentives, regardless of age structure.

• Population momentum is the reduction in population growth caused by increased mortality rates in older age groups.