Endocrine System Worksheet

Which of the following best describes the main function of the endocrine system?

• Transmitting electrical impulses throughout the body

• Filtering waste products from the blood

• Producing hormones that regulate body processes

• Providing structural support to organs

The pituitary gland is often called the “master gland” because it—

• Produces insulin and glucagon

• Directly controls all muscle contractions

• Regulates the activity of other endocrine glands

• Stores calcium and releases it when needed

Which hormone increases blood sugar levels by promoting the breakdown of glycogen in the liver?

• Insulin

• Glucagon

• Cortisol

• Thyroxine

The thyroid gland helps control—

• Growth and tissue repair

• Body metabolism and energy use

• Water balance in the body

• Calcium reabsorption in the kidneys

Which gland is responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood by secreting parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

• Adrenal gland

• Thyroid gland

• Pancreas

• Parathyroid gland

A person who is under chronic stress will likely have increased activity in which gland?

• Pancreas

• Adrenal gland

• Pituitary gland

• Parathyroid gland

If a person’s pancreas produces too little insulin, what will likely happen?

• Their blood sugar levels will drop dangerously low

• Their blood sugar levels will remain high

• Their calcium levels will drop

• Their metabolic rate will increase

The pineal gland plays a key role in—

• Regulating sleep-wake cycles through melatonin secretion

• Controlling growth during puberty

• Regulating the fight-or-flight response

• Stimulating the thyroid to release hormones

A doctor notices that a child’s growth is stunted. Which hormone might be deficient?

• Growth hormone

• Insulin

• Thyroxine

• Estrogen

A patient feels tired, gains weight easily, and has a slow heart rate. These symptoms may suggest a problem with which gland?

• Adrenal gland

• Thyroid gland

• Pituitary gland

• Pancreas