Cell Cycle and Cancer Characteristics

What is a fundamental principle of Modern Cell Theory?

• All cells are identical in structure and function.

• All living things are made of one or more cells.

• Cells can spontaneously generate from non-living matter.

• Only multicellular organisms are made of cells.

How do multicellular organisms, like humans, grow larger?

• Their individual cells increase significantly in size.

• They absorb more water into their cells.

• Their cells divide to create more cells.

• They replace old cells with larger, new cells.

Which of the following is a characteristic of cancer cells?

• They communicate effectively with healthy cells.

• They divide in an uncontrolled manner.

• They always remain securely anchored in one place.

• They only divide when necessary for repair.

In which phase of the cell cycle do cells spend most of their time performing normal functions, growing, and replicating DNA?

• Mitosis

• Cytokinesis

• Interphase

• Prophase

What is the primary event that occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle?

• Cell growth

• DNA replication

• Cell division (mitosis)

• Preparation for cell division

What does the G1 checkpoint primarily check for before a cell proceeds to the next phase?

• If chromosomes are properly aligned

• If DNA has been replicated correctly

• If the cell has grown enough and its DNA is undamaged

• If there are enough resources for mitosis

What is the process called when a cell self-destructs because it cannot fix irreparable damage or issues at a checkpoint?

• Mitosis

• Synthesis

• Apoptosis

• Interphase

Which two types of proteins are described as positive regulators that help advance the cell cycle?

• p53 and DNA

• Chromosomes and Spindles

• Cyclin and Cdk

• Genes and Enzymes