CHAP 4 REVIEW

A raw peanut with almost 2 Calories of energy has 2,000 times the energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram water by 1°C.

• True

• False

Your body begins a shivering response when you are cold. Rubbing your hands together produces a small amount of heat, which is evidence of increasing entropy.

• True

• False

Each protein in an electron transport chain is sequentially oxidized, then reduced, allowing small amounts of energy to be released for use by the cell during each transfer.

• True

• False

Cofactors, required to stabilize enzymes, are often in our diets as vitamins, minerals, and metals.

• True

• False

Whenever ATP is produced by a chemical reaction, some energy is lost into the surroundings as heat.

• True

• False

The first and second laws of thermodynamics apply to nonliving systems like gasoline engines but do not apply to reactions in living cells.

• True

• False

Exergonic reactions do not require activation energy to get started.

• True

• False

Reduction is the gain of electrons by an atom or molecule.

• True

• False

An enzyme is a lipid that catalyzes chemical reactions.

• True

• False

When an end product of a reaction pathway is in excess and inhibits the first enzyme of the pathway, this is an example of positive feedback.

• True

• False