WMM Quiz

The episodic buffer was added later to the WMM to:

• Control attention

• Temporarily store verbal info

• Integrate info from all components and link to LTM

• Store visual info for 1–2 seconds

How can the WMM inform educational techniques?

• Students should focus on one sensory modality at a time

• Combining verbal explanation with a visual aid can improve learning

• Rehearsal alone is sufficient for learning

• Chunking visual info is unnecessary

A practical application of WMM for education is:

• Focus only on verbal explanation

• Dual processing: combine visual and verbal learning

• Avoid using visual aids

• Avoid rehearsal

The capacity of the visuo-spatial sketchpad is approximately:

• 7 ± 2 items

• 3–4 items

• Unlimited

• 5–9 chunks

Which component of WMM is limited to 3–4 items for 1–2 seconds?

• Phonological loop

• Episodic buffer

• Visuo-spatial sketchpad

• Central executive

Which component of the WMM is responsible for temporarily storing visual and spatial information?

• Phonological loop

• Central executive

• Episodic buffer

• Visuo-spatial sketchpad

A criticism of the central executive is that:

• It stores visual info

• Its precise role and mechanisms are unclear

• It has unlimited capacity

• It does not coordinate other STM stores

Which case study supports the idea that STM has different stores?

• Clive Wearing

• KF (Shallice & Warrington)

• HM

• Tulving

Which of the following is an inference from dual-task studies?

• STM is a unitary store

• There are at least two separate STM stores for visual and auditory information

• LTM does not interact with STM

• All STM tasks rely on the central executive only

What is a limitation of KF’s case study?

• It lacked lab control

• Low ecological validity

• Low population validity (single individual)

• It contradicted MSM completely