Neuron Anatomy

What is an action potential?

• A slow change in membrane potential that occurs in the dendrites.

• A rapid change in membrane potential that propagates along the axon.

• A type of neurotransmitter released at the synapse.

• A resting state of the neuron before stimulation.

What part of a multipolar neuron receives the message from the previous neuron?

• Axon

• Dendrites

• Soma

• Myelin sheath

What part of a multipolar neuron can be described as a tail-like structure that carries the impulse away from the cell body?

• Dendrite

• Axon

• Soma

• Synapse

What is the role of myelin in the nervous system?

• Myelin protects neurons from damage.

• Myelin insulates axons, increasing the speed of electrical impulses.

• Myelin helps in the production of neurotransmitters.

• Myelin is responsible for the growth of new neurons.

What is synaptic transmission?

• The process by which neurotransmitters are released from one neuron and bind to receptors on another.

• The method by which neurons generate electrical impulses.

• The mechanism of muscle contraction in response to nerve signals.

• The way in which hormones are transported in the bloodstream.

What are the gaps in the myelin sheath called?

• Nodes of Ranvier

• Synapses

• Axon terminals

• Dendritic spines

What is the difference between a neuron and neuroglia?

• Neurons transmit signals, while neuroglia support and protect neurons.

• Neurons are responsible for hormone production, while neuroglia are involved in digestion.

• Neurons are found only in the brain, while neuroglia are found throughout the body.

• Neurons are larger than neuroglia and have more complex structures.

What is the function of astrocytes in the nervous system?

• Astrocytes support neurons, maintain the blood-brain barrier, and regulate blood flow.

• Astrocytes transmit electrical signals between neurons.

• Astrocytes produce neurotransmitters for communication.

• Astrocytes are responsible for the formation of myelin sheath.

Neuroglia that produce myelin on axons in the brain and spinal cord are called?

• Astrocytes

• Oligodendrocytes

• Microglia

• Ependymal cells

Neuroglia that produce myelin on axons in the peripheral nerves are called?

• Oligodendrocytes

• Astrocytes

• Schwann cells

• Microglia