Why does coastal NC have cooler summers than inland NC?

Water moderates temperature due to high specific heat

What drives deep ocean currents?

Temperature and salinity differences

Why are ocean currents important for climate?

They transfer heat globally, affecting weather/climate

What is the greenhouse effect?

Heat trapped in Earth’s atmosphere by gases

Why is the greenhouse effect important for life on Earth?

It keeps Earth warm enough for liquid water

What is an urban heat island?

City area warmer than nearby rural areas

Why should we be concerned about urban heat islands?

They raise energy use, worsen air quality, and trap heat

How does albedo connect to urban heat islands?

Dark surfaces absorb more heat, making cities hotter

Light surfaces absorb more heat

Why is the jet stream important for weather?

It steers weather systems across North America

Which of the following hypotheses is most suitable for investigating the properties of water?

Adding salt to water increases its boiling point.

Water freezes faster in metal containers than in plastic containers.

Water with a pH level of 7 is the most acidic.

Water molecules are denser in cold temperatures than in hot temperatures.

Which scenario best illustrates how water serves as an agent of energy transfer? Mark only one oval.

Water evaporating from the surface of a lake absorbs heat from the surrounding air, cooling the air temperature.

Water condensing on a cold glass of water releases heat into the surrounding air, warming the air temperature.

Water freezing into ice cubes absorbs heat from the freezer, cooling the interior temperature of the freezer.

Water boiling in a pot on a stove releases heat into the surrounding air, increasing the temperature of the kitchen.

Which of the following best describes how water affects temperature on Earth's surface? Mark only one oval.

Water moderates temperature fluctuations by absorbing and releasing heat more slowly than land, leading to milder climates near large bodies of water.

Water acts as an insulator, trapping heat close to the surface of the Earth, thereby increasing temperatures in all coastal regions.

Water accelerates temperature changes by reflecting sunlight, causing rapid heating and cooling cycles in regions with high humidity.

Water inhibits temperature changes by absorbing heat more quickly than land, resulting in extreme temperature variations in arid regions.

In the classroom, students constructed a model to explain how water is an agent of energy transfer. Which scenario below best aligns with the model they created? Mark only one oval.

Students illustrated how water molecules transfer energy through evaporation from the surface of a pond, cooling the surrounding air.

Students demonstrated how water molecules transfer heat energy through convection currents in a pot of boiling water on a hot stove.

Students depicted how water absorbs solar radiation and releases it as infrared radiation, contributing to the greenhouse effect.

Students simulated the process of water condensation on a cold can, releasing heat energy into the surrounding environment.

Given the data presented in the table below for Country X, which greenhouse gas will have the greatest influence on the country's average temperature?

Carbon dioxide, because it is most abundant in the atmosphere and absorbs heat on the Earth's surface.

Methane, because it is less abundant in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide and absorbs heat on the Earth's surface.

Nitrous oxide, because it is more abundant in the atmosphere than methane and captures infrared radiation.

Ozone, because it is least abundant in the atmosphere and absorbs ultraviolet radiation.

How do land surface conditions on Earth primarily influence heat retention in the troposphere?

By absorbing incoming solar radiation and re-radiating it as infrared radiation, warming the troposphere.

By reflecting incoming solar radiation back into space, reducing the amount of heat absorbed by the Earth's surface.

By emitting greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, trapping heat and increasing temperatures in the troposphere.

By increasing cloud cover, which blocks incoming solar radiation and reduces the amount of heat reaching the Earth's surface.

Which statement correctly explains the impact of heat exchange between the ocean and atmosphere has on shaping weather and climate patterns?

Heat exchange between the ocean and atmosphere plays a crucial role in regulating both local weather phenomena, such as sea breezes and coastal fog, and larger-scale climate patterns, including El Niño and La Niña events.

Heat exchange between the ocean and atmosphere primarily affects local weather patterns but has minimal impact on regional and global climate.

Heat exchange between the ocean and atmosphere influences regional weather patterns but does not significantly contribute to global climate variations.

Heat exchange between the ocean and atmosphere has little influence on weather and climate, as other factors such as greenhouse gas emissions have a more significant impact.

Which of the following phenomena is caused by heat exchange between the ocean and atmosphere?

Growth of forests due to photosynthesis

Melting of polar ice caps due to greenhouse gas emissions

Migration patterns of birds across continents

Why does heat exchange between the ocean and atmosphere result in global weather phenomena?

The ocean provides heat to various regions across the globe, influencing atmospheric circulation patterns and weather systems on a global scale.

The ocean absorbs heat from the atmosphere, leading to localized weather patterns but minimal impact on a global scale.

Global weather phenomena primarily occur due to interactions between the atmosphere and landmasses, with minimal involvement of the ocean.

Ocean currents redistribute heat within the ocean but have negligible effects on atmospheric processes and weather patterns.

Which of the following atmospheric compositions is most likely to result in higher heat retention in the troposphere?

a. An atmosphere with high concentrations of carbon dioxide and methane.

b. An atmosphere with predominantly oxygen and nitrogen.

c. An atmosphere with high levels of tropospheric ozone.

d. An atmosphere with high levels of aerosols and particulate matter.

Unit 4: Test Review

Authored by Trista FuquayVarinaHS

Science

9th - 12th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 28+ times

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47 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which atom in a water molecule has a partial negative charge?

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Nitrogen

Carbon

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Water molecules sticking to each other is called:

Adhesion

Cohesion

Surface tension

Capillary action

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which property allows insects like water striders to “walk” on water?

Adhesion

Cohesion

Surface tension

Specific heat

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which property allows water to move upward in plant stems (xylem)?

Capillary action

Surface tension

Freezing expansion

Solubility

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Why is water less dense as a solid?

Molecules move faster

Molecules spread apart when frozen

Hydrogen bonds break

Surface tension weakens

Why is water’s high specific heat important for climate?

It resists temperature change, moderating climate

It evaporates quickly

It absorbs salt

It reduces greenhouse gases

Which heats up faster: land or water?

Land

Water

Both equal

Neither

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Unit 4: Test Review

Which atom in a water molecule has a partial negative charge?

Water molecules sticking to each other is called:

Which property allows insects like water striders to “walk” on water?

Which property allows water to move upward in plant stems (xylem)?

Why is water less dense as a solid?

Why is water’s high specific heat important for climate?

Which heats up faster: land or water?

Why does coastal NC have cooler summers than inland NC?

What drives deep ocean currents?

Surface currents are driven mostly by:

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