OS 2 - 2

Which statement best defines a process in computing?

• A static collection of source code stored on disk

• A program in execution that progresses in a sequential fashion

• A hardware thread managed by the CPU scheduler

• A compiled binary that has not yet been loaded

In the simplified layout of a process inside main memory, which section contains temporary data such as function parameters, return addresses, and local variables?

• Heap

• Data

• Text

• Stack

Which memory section grows and is dynamically allocated to a process during run time and must be managed by program statements?

• Text

• Heap

• Data

• Stack

What does the Text section of a process contain?

• Global and static variables

• Temporarily stored local variables

• Program instructions for execution

• Input/output buffers

Which statement about the Data section is correct based on the material?

• It stores only local variables and is temporary.

• It contains global and static variables; their lifetime is throughout program execution and they can be changed.

• It holds compiled instructions and is read-only.

• It is managed automatically by the operating system and cannot be modified.

Which option correctly distinguishes a program from a process?

• A program is a dynamic instance of a computer program; a process is source code.

• A program is instructions stored in code; a process is the dynamic instance of that program during execution.

• A program and process are identical terms.

• A process is static and a program is dynamic.

In the provided C++ example, what will the program output when executed?

• Hello, World!

• Hello, World! \n

• Nothing, because return 0 stops output

• Compilation error due to missing main

Which description best matches an algorithm as defined in the material?

• A compiled binary loaded into memory

• A part of a computer program that performs a well-defined task

• A running instance of a program

• A collection of programs, libraries, and related data

Which process state indicates that the processor is currently executing the process’s instructions?

• Start

• Ready

• Running

• Waiting

• Terminated

In the Ready state, what is the process primarily waiting for?

• User input

• Allocation of the processor by the operating system

• Completion of file I/O

• Termination signal

• Parent process pointer update