What is the primary difference between natural selection and artificial selection?

• Natural selection occurs quickly, while artificial selection takes millions of years.

• Natural selection is driven by environmental factors, while artificial selection is guided by human choices.

• Artificial selection only applies to plants, whereas natural selection applies to all organisms.

• Natural selection always produces beneficial traits, but artificial selection can create harmful ones.

Which of these vegetables were developed from the same original leafy weed through artificial selection?

• Carrots and potatoes

• Tomatoes and peppers

• Kale and broccoli

• Corn and wheat

What defines a Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)?

• An organism that has naturally evolved to adapt to its environment.

• Any living thing whose DNA has been altered in some way.

• A plant that has been cross-bred with another plant species.

• An organism that can only reproduce through artificial pollination.

Which of the following are modern biotechnology tools used by scientists for genetic modification?

• Manual pollination and selective breeding

• Agrobacterium and CRISPR

• Natural selection and evolution

• Hybridization and grafting

What did scientists discover about sweet potatoes and Agrobacterium genes?

• Agrobacterium genes were recently introduced to sweet potatoes through modern farming.

• Agrobacterium genes were found in all sweet potato varieties, indicating an ancient infection passed down through generations.

• Agrobacterium genes only affected wild sweet potato relatives, not domesticated ones.

• Agrobacterium genes made sweet potatoes less desirable to ancient farmers.

What is the scientific consensus regarding the safety of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) for consumption?

• GMOs are unsafe to eat and can modify human genes.

• GMOs are safe to eat and undergo extensive testing and regulation by government entities.

• GMOs are only safe if they are organic and not chemically treated.

• GMOs have not been studied enough to determine their long-term safety.

How does Golden Rice help address global malnutrition?

• It contains genes that make it resistant to pests, increasing crop yield significantly.

• It produces extra protein, making it a more complete and balanced food source.

• It has genes that allow it to produce beta-carotene, which the body converts to Vitamin A.

• It is engineered to grow in harsh climates, expanding food production to new regions.

What type of genetic modification involves inserting genes from the same or a similar species into a plant?

• Transgenic modification

• Cisgenic modification

• Subgenic modification

• Biofortification