End of Course Test 2

Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. How does being able to explain the significance of past eras help us in the present?

• According to historians, mainly big names and big events shape the present.

• According to historians, studying past events shows us how to relate to others.

• According to historians, individual memory is meaningless without cultural memory.

• According to historians, understanding the past helps us make better decisions today.

Look at the graph. Which statement is the best conclusion that can be drawn from this data?

• The population of African Americans in Texas will decrease after 2040.

• Hispanic Americans will soon become the largest ethnic group in Texas.

• The population of Anglo Americans in Texas will begin to increase in 2020.

• Asian Americans will soon pass African Americans in total population in Texas.

What characteristic of terrain distinguishes the North Central Plains region from the Coastal Plains region?

• low elevations

• wet marshlands

• green rolling hills

• farms and ranches

Look at the map of Texas. If you lived in Laredo, which of the following is the most likely way you would express the relative location of the state capital, Austin?

• Austin is east of Laredo.

• Austin is west of Houston.

• Austin is northeast of Laredo.

• Austin is southeast of Lubbock.

Look at the photograph. What is the most likely human activity in this part of Texas?

• agriculture

• forestry

• manufacturing

• recreation

Why did both the Jumano and Concho peoples need to rely on hunting and gathering to have enough food?

• They were both forced to adapt when the Spanish took their farms.

• They had similar ancestry, and hunting and gathering was their culture.

• They were both forced to move constantly because of Apache attacks.

• They both lived in a desert environment in which farming was difficult.

Why were Cabeza de Vaca’s writings important to the European exploration of Texas?

• His writings taught Spanish soldiers how to defeat the Indians in battle.

• His writings painted an image of a land rich with slaves, food, and medicine.

• His writings told of strange animals that explorers wished to see for themselves.

• His writings offered hope to many Europeans that rich treasure lay in the unexplored lands of Texas.

Study the picture of Álvarez de Pineda’s 1519 map. What did it show about Texas that changed what the Spanish thought of the region?

• It showed that American Indians were dominant in Texas and discouraged Spanish exploration of these lands.

• It showed that there was no water route to the Pacific Ocean and encouraged Spanish exploration of the lands north of Mexico.

• It showed that there were many trading posts along the coast and encouraged the Spanish to trade with the American Indians.

• It showed that the territory claimed by Spain was too large to be explored by ships alone and discouraged further exploration.

What effect did Estevanico’s claims to have seen the golden city of Cíbola have on European exploration of Texas?

• The Spanish conquered more American Indian cities to claim their gold.

• The Spanish sent out more expeditions to map the Texas coastline.

• The Spanish sent expeditions to trade with the wealthy American Indians.

• The Spanish continued their search for gold and other treasure in Texas.

Which Spanish explorer was most directly affected by the writings of Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca?

• Hernán Cortés, who explored Mexico and conquered the Aztecs

• Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, who explored overland to the Texas panhandle

• Pánfilo de Narváez, who sailed to explore the lands around the Gulf of Mexico

• Marcos de Niza, who set out by land from Mexico to search for the Seven Cities of Cíbola