Hydrocarbons: naming, structures and isomers

Which statement best defines hydrocarbons?

• Organic compounds composed only of hydrogen and carbon atoms

• Compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

• Inorganic compounds containing carbon-carbon bonds

• Mixtures of petroleum products and water

Hydrocarbons are primarily classified based on which criterion?

• Their natural sources in petroleum

• The number of carbon atoms present

• Types of bonds between carbon atoms

• Their physical state at room temperature

Which list correctly names the four main types of hydrocarbons mentioned?

• Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons

• Paraffins, olefins, acetylenes, and naphthenes

• Methane, ethane, propane, and butane

• Saturated, unsaturated, cyclic, and heterocyclic

Which statement about structural variations of hydrocarbons is supported by the material?

• They occur only as straight chains

• They can be straight chain, branched chain, or cyclic

• All hydrocarbons are cyclic

• Only aromatic hydrocarbons can be branched

Which general formula represents straight-chain alkanes where n is the number of carbon atoms?

• C_nH_2n

• C_nH_2n+2

• C_nH_2n-2

• C_nH_n

Alkanes are described as saturated hydrocarbons because they:

• contain at least one double bond

• contain at least one triple bond

• contain only single bonds between carbon atoms

• are aromatic compounds

According to IUPAC naming, the suffix used for alkanes is:

• -ene

• -yne

• -ane

• -ol

Which general formula correctly represents alkenes?

• CnH2n+2

• CnH2n

• CnH2n−2

• CnHn

What structural feature defines an alkene as an unsaturated hydrocarbon?

• Presence of only single C–C bonds

• Presence of at least one carbon–carbon double bond (C=C)

• Presence of a triple bond

• A ring structure

According to IUPAC rules, which suffix is used in naming alkenes?

• -ane

• -yne

• -ene

• -ol