Structure of the Earth's Layers and Atmosphere

Which statement best describes the Earth's outer core as shown in the materials?

• Solid layer that reaches about 1000°C

• Liquid layer whose movement produces the Earth's magnetic field

• Thin brittle layer with density about 12 g cm⁻³

• Part of the atmosphere that includes the ozone layer

According to the diagram-focused description, which Earth layer is solid but behaves like a viscous liquid due to slow-moving convection currents?

• Crust

• Lower mantle

• Outer core

• Exosphere

Which atmospheric layer is identified as the lowest layer where most weather occurs?

• Stratosphere

• Mesosphere

• Thermosphere

• Troposphere

What primary reason is given for the Earth having distinct internal layers?

• Differences in density of materials

• Variations in surface temperature

• Presence of the ozone layer

• Gravitational pull of the Moon

Which layer includes a transition zone about 300 km thick and reaches temperatures near 1000°C?

• Upper mantle

• Inner core

• Crust

• Thermosphere

Based on the material, which pair correctly matches the state of matter of each layer?

• Mantle—liquid; Inner core—liquid

• Outer core—solid; Crust—liquid

• Inner core—solid; Outer core—liquid

• Crust—gas; Lower mantle—gas

Which statement about the atmosphere’s extent is consistent with the diagram?

• The atmosphere ends sharply at 100 km

• It is about 700 km thick with no clear outer edge definition

• It is exactly 500 km thick ending at the exosphere

• It extends only through the stratosphere

Which statement best explains why the Earth is layered into crust, mantle, and core?

• Different materials have different densities, causing them to separate into layers.

• Earth cooled unevenly at the surface only, creating layers.

• Plate tectonics stacked rock sheets into layers.

• Weathering and erosion carved layers over time.

Identify the physical state of each region based on the Earth model: Mantle; Outer core; Inner core.

• Mantle: liquid; Outer core: solid; Inner core: liquid

• Mantle: solid (behaves like viscous liquid); Outer core: liquid; Inner core: solid

• Mantle: gas; Outer core: liquid; Inner core: solid

• Mantle: solid; Outer core: gas; Inner core: liquid

Using evidence from the Earth’s interior, what is the primary source of the planet’s magnetic field?

• Convection in the atmosphere

• Movement of convection currents in the mantle

• Movement of the liquid outer core made of iron and nickel

• Rotation of the solid inner core only