Unit 2 Test - The Middle Ages

What was a nation-state as described in the text?

• A territory ruled exclusively by the Church
• An independent political unit with a single government and usually a common culture and history
• A collection of feudal territories with no central authority
• A region controlled jointly by nobles and the Church

What significant event occurred in 1066 that changed English history?

• The signing of the Magna Carta
• The creation of Parliament
• The Norman Conquest led by William
• The excommunication of King John

What action did William the Conqueror take that demonstrated his desire for firm control over England?

• He granted all lands to Norman barons
• He required vassals to swear first allegiance to him rather than any other lord
• He abolished the feudal system completely
• He allowed the Church to have complete independence

What was the Magna Carta?

• A census ordered by William the Conqueror
• A list of Church officials appointed by the king
• A document that established Parliament's authority
• A charter affirming feudal rights and limiting the king's power

Which of these principles was established by the Magna Carta?

• The Church had supreme authority over all monarchs
• The monarch must obey the law
• Parliament had the sole right to appoint bishops
• Feudal nobles could declare war without royal permission

What was lay investiture, which became a major conflict between popes and emperors?

• The practice of secular rulers presenting bishops with symbols of their office
• The process by which the pope crowned emperors
• The collection of taxes by the Church
• The appointment of nobles to Church positions

In the conflict between Pope Gregory VII and Emperor Henry IV, what action did Henry ultimately take to resolve the initial crisis?

• He led an army against Rome
• He appointed a new pope
• He presented himself as a repentant sinner
• He established the Concordat of Worms

During the reign of Pope Innocent III, what claim did he make that demonstrated the height of Church power?

• That the Church should be separate from secular authority
• That kings should have authority over Church appointments
• That supremacy over all other rulers belonged to him as head of the Church
• That the Holy Roman Emperor should control all of Europe

What time period is known as the Middle Ages in European history?

• The thousand-year span between the fall of the Roman empire and the Renaissance
• The five-hundred-year span between the Renaissance and the Industrial Revolution
• The three-hundred-year span between the fall of Constantinople and the discovery of America
• The two-hundred-year span between the Crusades and the Black Death

What was the strategic importance of Constantinople's location?

• It was situated near fertile farmlands
• It commanded key trade routes linking Europe and Asia
• It was easily defensible from land attacks only
• It provided access to gold mines