Which process is responsible for the formation of igneous rocks?

• Cooling magma

• Weathering and erosion

• Compaction of sediments

• Evaporation of water

How does the rate at which magma cools affect the crystal size in igneous rocks?

• Fast cooling forms large crystals, slow cooling forms small crystals

• Fast cooling forms small crystals, slow cooling forms large crystals

• Both fast and slow cooling form the same size crystals

• Fast cooling forms no crystals, slow cooling forms only small crystals

Explain what must happen to an igneous rock for it to become a sedimentary rock.

• It must be weathered down and then repacted

• It must melt and cool again

• It must be buried deep underground

• It must be exposed to intense heat only

A sample of igneous rock has very large crystals. What can you infer about the cooling rate of the magma from which it formed?

• The magma cooled very quickly

• The magma cooled very slowly

• The magma did not cool at all

• The magma was exposed to water

Which of the following best describes how intrusive igneous rocks are formed?

• They are formed from magma that cools and solidifies within the crust of the planet.

• They are formed from lava that cools rapidly on the surface.

• They are formed from sediment compacted over time.

• They are formed from the evaporation of water.

Given a sample of granite and basalt, how would you use their formation process to classify them as intrusive or extrusive igneous rocks?

• Granite is intrusive because it forms underground, and basalt is extrusive because it forms on the surface.

• Granite is extrusive because it forms on the surface, and basalt is intrusive because it forms underground.

• Both granite and basalt are extrusive because they form from lava.

• Both granite and basalt are intrusive because they form from magma.

Explain how the processes of weathering, erosion, and deposition work together to form sedimentary rocks.

• Weathering breaks down rocks, erosion moves the sediments, and deposition drops them in a new location.

• Erosion breaks down rocks, weathering moves the sediments, and deposition forms new rocks.

• Deposition breaks down rocks, erosion forms sediments, and weathering moves them.

• Weathering forms new rocks, erosion drops them, and deposition breaks them down.

Which process involves the hardening of layers of loose sediment into sedimentary rock?

• Lithification

• Erosion

• Melting

• Weathering

What happens during the compaction step of sedimentary rock formation?

• Sediments are squeezed together by the weight of layers on top of them

• Substances crystallize and bind particles together

• Rocks melt into magma

• Sediments are eroded by wind

If a metamorphic rock is subjected to melting, which type of material does it become in the rock cycle?

• Sediments

• Magma

• Igneous rock

• Sedimentary rock