ICT 1 | Long Quiz - MIDTERMS

Which statement best distinguishes data from information?

• Data are raw facts; information is processed data made meaningful

• Data is always textual; information is always numerical

• Data comes only from sensors; information comes only from people

• Data must be accurate but information can be incomplete

Which is NOT one of the usual characteristics of useful information?

• Timeliness

• Accuracy

• Completeness

• Randomness

Which step in the data processing cycle converts human‑readable input into machine‑readable form?

• Data Output

• Data Input

• Data Storage

• Data Cleaning

Which step in the data processing cycle is responsible for transforming input into meaningful results?

• Data Processing

• Data Collection

• Data Storage

• Data Validation

Which step focuses on keeping data and metadata for future retrieval and reuse?

• Data Storage

• Data Output

• Data Input

• Data Mining

Primary data is most closely associated with which sources?

• External sources such as news outlets only

• Internal sources like organizational records, surveys, and interviews

• Only government statistics

• Only academic journals

Secondary data typically comes from...

• Internal payroll records

• Customer interviews you conduct

• External references such as news outlets and public datasets

• Transactional databases you own

Which is the BEST example of ‘data’ rather than ‘information’?

• A monthly sales dashboard that highlights trends

• A CSV of timestamped sensor readings

• A summary memo with recommendations

• A bar chart comparing quarterly profits

Which option correctly lists the first step in the data processing cycle?

• Data Input

• Data Collection

• Data Processing

• Data Output

Which evolution stage relies on software instructions to process large volumes of data with speed and accuracy?

• Manual data processing

• Mechanical data processing

• Electronic data processing

• Optical data processing