QUARTER 2 SUMMATIVE TEST

Which of the following statements is a fact?

• Exercise is more fun than studying.

• Water freezes at 0°C.

• Chocolate is the best flavor.

• Movies are better than books.

Answer explanation

The statement 'Water freezes at 0°C' is a fact because it is a scientifically proven phenomenon. The other statements are subjective opinions and cannot be universally verified.

Which type of evidence is based on personal experience or story?

• A. Anecdotal evidence

• B. Statistical evidence

• C. Argument from authority

• D. Logical evidence

Answer explanation

Anecdotal evidence is based on personal experiences or stories, making it subjective. In contrast, statistical evidence relies on data, argument from authority depends on expert opinions, and logical evidence is based on reasoning.

What does a claim of policy express?

• What is true or false

• What should be done

• What is good or bad

• What already happened

Answer explanation

A claim of policy expresses what should be done, advocating for specific actions or changes. The correct choice is 'What should be done', as it focuses on recommendations rather than stating facts or values.

“Teachers should give shorter quizzes to reduce stress.” This is a _______.

• Claim of fact

• Claim of policy

• Claim of value

• Claim of emotion

Answer explanation

The statement advocates for a specific action (shorter quizzes) to address a problem (stress), making it a claim of policy. It suggests a change in practice rather than stating a fact or expressing a value.

Which sentence best shows an opinion?

• There are 12 months in a year.

• The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean.

• Reading makes people wiser.

• Water boils at 100°C.

Answer explanation

The sentence 'Reading makes people wiser.' expresses a personal belief or judgment, making it an opinion. The other sentences state facts that can be objectively verified.

According to experts, daily exercise improves memory. What kind of evidence is used?

• Anecdotal

• Authority

• Empirical

• Emotional

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'Authority' because experts provide credible insights based on research and knowledge, which supports the claim that daily exercise improves memory.

“Our school needs more trees to make the air cleaner.” This is an example of a _______.

• Claim of fact

• Claim of policy

• Claim of value

• Claim of emotion

Answer explanation

The statement advocates for a specific action—planting more trees to improve air quality—making it a claim of policy. It suggests a course of action rather than stating a fact, value, or emotion.

Which statement shows a correct relationship between fact and opinion?

• A. Fact: Ice is cold. Opinion: Ice is beautiful.

• B. Fact: Dogs are friendly. Opinion: All dogs are bad.

• C. Fact: Rain is wet. Opinion: Water is colorless.

• D. Fact: Apples taste sweet. Opinion: Apples are fruits.

Answer explanation

Choice A correctly distinguishes between fact and opinion. The fact "Ice is cold" is a verifiable statement, while "Ice is beautiful" is a subjective view, illustrating the difference between objective truth and personal belief.

“According to the DOH, exercise reduces heart disease.” What kind of evidence is that?

• A. Anecdotal

• B. Authority

• C. Self-evident

• D. Emotional

Answer explanation

The statement cites the DOH (Department of Health) as the source, indicating that the information is based on expert authority rather than personal experience or emotion. Thus, it is classified as evidence from authority.

Which claim is most convincing?

• I think vegetables taste weird.

• Our teacher said veggies are great.

• A medical report shows vegetables improve health.

• My friend eats veggies every day.

Answer explanation

The claim "A medical report shows vegetables improve health" is the most convincing because it is backed by scientific evidence, making it more reliable than personal opinions or anecdotal statements.