Unit 1: Governance Around the World

In Country X, President Karim controls all media and arrests anyone who speaks against him.
Which statement best describes this situation?

• A. It is a dictatorship where one person rules by force and limits freedom

• B. It is a democracy where people elect new leaders regularly

• C. It is a constitutional monarchy with limited royal power

• D. It is a republic where laws are made by citizens

After Parliament passed a new law, the Supreme Court of India reviewed it to ensure it followed the constitution. Why is this role important?

• A. It protects citizens’ rights and keeps laws fair

• B. It allows judges to make laws for the government

• C. It ensures taxes are collected properly

• D. It supports the military during conflicts

Layla proudly cast her vote during the presidential election, believing her choice could help shape the country’s future.
What does her action represent in a republic?

• A. Citizens’ right to choose their leaders through elections

• B. A law that forces everyone to vote

• C. A system where the monarch chooses the president

• D. A process that limits citizens’ freedom

When heavy rains flooded a neighborhood, Noura and her classmates volunteered to distribute food and water to families in need.
What does their action show?

• A. Responsible citizenship through community service

• B. A paid job organized by the government

• C. A political campaign for local elections

• D. A task meant only for adults

During the school assembly, Omar stood respectfully when the national flag was raised, while Khalid continued chatting with friends.
What does Omar’s action show?

• A. He only follows the rule to avoid punishment

• B. He understands that the flag represents the unity and pride of the country

• C. He is showing support for the army

• D. He wants to be noticed by teachers

In one country, General Rahim controls the government. Citizens cannot criticize him, and anyone who disagrees is punished.
What type of government does this represent?

• A. Constitutional monarchy, because power is shared

• B. Democracy, because citizens vote freely

• C. Republic, because people elect their leader

• D. Dictatorship, because one person rules by force

The regional governor in Eastern region of Saudi Arabia meets with other officials to discuss and approve new national laws that will protect public health and education.
Which responsibility does this describe?

• A. Singing the national anthem

• B. Making laws as part of government duty

• C. Organizing school trips
  

• D. Writing textbooks for students

When the city launched a community clean-up drive, Sara volunteered her weekend to collect trash and plant trees. Her friend Amal refused, saying, “That’s not my problem.”
Which of the following best shows responsible citizenship?

• A. Sara, because she helped improve her community without expecting reward

• B. Amal, because she saved her time for personal activities

• C. Amal, because community service is only for government workers

• D. Both, because everyone has freedom of choice

Ms. Fatima’s class decided that every student would vote on each class rule, rather than letting class leaders decide.
What form of decision-making does this show?

• A. Indirect democracy, where representatives decide

• B. Dictatorship, where one person makes all decisions

• C. Direct democracy, where everyone votes on major issues

• D. Monarchy, where rules come from one family

Fahad was born in Saudi Arabia, and he carries a national ID card that gives him the right to work, and receive government protection.
What is Fahad called under the law?

• A. A visitor

• B. A foreigner

• C. A citizen

• D. A resident