US II SOL US.3 2023 Standards

Which change happened in the United States after the Civil War?

• The country stayed mostly agricultural

• America shifted toward becoming an industrial powerhouse

• Fewer factories and railroads were built

• Natural resources became unavailable

What helped connect remote areas to cities by moving raw materials to factories and finished goods to markets?

• Canals

• Stagecoaches

• Railroads

• Airplanes

The expansion of the transcontinental railroad especially influenced which development?

• Eastern farming only

• Western development and national trade

• Southern reconstruction only

• International travel to Europe

Which natural resources fueled industrial growth after 1865?

• Gold and silver only

• Coal, iron ore, oil, and lumber

• Fish and cotton only

• Water and wind only

Mechanization on farms, like the mechanical reaper, led to which change for many workers?

• More workers were needed on farms

• Workers moved to cities for industrial jobs

• Farm work became slower

• Workers returned to rural areas

Which invention is correctly matched with its inventor?

• Telephone — Thomas Edison

• Light bulb — Alexander Graham Bell

• Electric power — J.P. Morgan

• Light bulb — Thomas Edison

Which industrialist is correctly paired with his industry?

• Andrew Carnegie — steel

• John D. Rockefeller — railroads

• Cornelius Vanderbilt — banking

• J.P. Morgan — oil

Why were some powerful industrialists called both "captains of industry" and "robber barons"?

• They were praised for building businesses but criticized for ruthless tactics and fights against unions and regulation

• They only worked in agriculture

• They supported small businesses over factories

• They invented the telephone and light bulb

Which was a negative effect of industrialization that reformers wanted to fix?

• High wages and short hours

• Child labor

• Safe working conditions

• Abundant clean environments

What was one goal of labor unions like the American Federation of Labor (AFL)?

• To stop all strikes

• To demand better wages and conditions

• To support monopolies

• To ban immigration