Speciation

What makes the Tuatara unique among reptiles?

• It can live for over 100 years and has jaws that move side-to-side.

• It has a third eye on its head and is found only in New Zealand.

• It is considered a living fossil from the Jurassic Period.

• All of the above.

What does the example of the Brothers Island Tuatara illustrate about classifying species?

• DNA evidence always provides a definitive answer for species classification.

• Species classification can be complex and change with new scientific evidence.

• Isolated populations are always considered distinct species.

• All Tuataras are genetically identical.

Which term describes changes in broad groups of living things, such as the emergence of flowering plants or mammals?

• Microevolution

• Speciation

• Macroevolution

• Hybridization

What is reproductive isolation?

• The ability of two different species to produce fertile offspring.

• An inability for organisms to interbreed.

• The process by which one species splits into two.

• Changes in specific populations over time.

What is a characteristic of a postzygotic reproductive barrier?

• Fertilization does not occur.

• The hybrid offspring fails to develop or reproduce.

• Mating attempts are unsuccessful due to behavioral differences.

• Different species occupy different habitats.

What is allopatric speciation?

• The evolution of a new species within the same geographic region.

• The separation of populations by a geographic barrier, leading to new species.

• The formation of new species due to differences in mating rituals.

• The development of new species through the inheritance of extra chromosome sets.

How do female cichlids choose their mates?

• Based on size

• Based on color

• Based on sound

• Based on age

How can sexual selection contribute to sympatric speciation?

• Individuals are physically unable to mate due to incompatible reproductive organs.

• Different populations adapt to distinct food sources within the same area.

• Preferences for certain traits in mates become more common, leading to reproductive isolation.

• A sudden change in chromosome number prevents interbreeding with the parent population.

What is polyploidy?

• A process where offspring inherit fewer than two sets of chromosomes.

• A process where offspring inherit more than two sets of chromosomes.

• The evolution of a new species due to geographic isolation.

• The inability of hybrid offspring to survive or reproduce.

True or False: Speciation led to the diveristy of life we have on Earth today

• True

• False