Thermal conductor and insulator

Which list shows the three common states of matter ?

• Solid, plasma, and gas

• Solid, liquid, and gas

• Liquid, gas, and vapor

• Plasma, liquid, and solid

Which statement correctly describes how the speed of particles affects their kinetic energy?

• Slower-moving particles have more kinetic energy than faster-moving ones.

• Kinetic energy increases as particle speed increases.

• Kinetic energy is unrelated to the movement of particles.

• Only stationary particles have kinetic energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which statement best defines heat according to the lesson?

• Heat is the total energy of motion in all particles of a substance.

• Heat is the flow of thermal energy from a warmer place to a cooler place because of a difference in temperature.

• Heat is the average speed of particles in a substance.

• Heat is energy stored by objects due to their position.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A student holds an ice cube in their hand. What direction does heat flow, and why does the hand feel cold?

• Heat flows from the ice cube to the hand; the hand feels cold because it gains thermal energy.

• Heat flows from the hand to the ice cube; the hand feels cold because it lost thermal energy.

• Heat flows equally both ways; the hand feels cold due to melting.

• No heat flows; the feeling of cold is unrelated to thermal energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which factor combination correctly describes thermal energy?

• It is the total energy of motion in particles and depends on temperature, mass, and type of material.

• It is only the average particle motion and depends only on temperature.

• It is stored potential energy and depends only on mass.

• It is the energy of particle motion and decreases when particles move faster.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

According to the relationship shown, what happens when the particles of a substance move faster?

• Thermal energy decreases and temperature drops.

• Thermal energy stays the same and temperature is unchanged.

• Thermal energy increases, leading to more heat and a higher temperature.

• Only mass increases while thermal energy stays constant.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Which statement best describes thermal energy transfer between substances?

• Thermal energy moves until both substances reach the same temperature.

• Thermal energy moves until the colder object becomes colder.

• Thermal energy moves only from cold to hot.

• Thermal energy never stops moving between objects.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Look at the diagram showing a red block next to a blue block with an arrow pointing to two equally light-blue blocks. What does this diagram most likely represent?

• Heat flowing from the cooler blue block to the hotter red block.

• Both blocks starting at the same temperature and staying the same.

• Heat flowing until both blocks reach the same temperature (thermal equilibrium).

• No energy transfer because the blocks are different colors.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which statement best defines a thermal conductor?

• A material that traps heat energy and prevents it from moving

• A material that lets heat energy move through it easily

• A device that creates heat energy from electricity

• A material that only allows heat to move slowly

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

Why do metals like copper and steel make good thermal conductors?

• Their particles are spread far apart, slowing heat transfer

• They reflect light, which increases temperature

• Their particles are packed closely together, helping heat travel quickly

• They contain water, which carries heat

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-4