Examine the chart below. Match the letter from the column on the left to the correct description of the chart as it relates to changes in populations due to natural selection in the column on the right. [Use ALL choices]

Variation is created due to a genetic mutation.

Mutations unfavorable to the environment fail to thrive.

The mutation continues to be reproduced and passed on to future generations.

Over time, mutations most favorable to the environment will allow those organisms to survive and pass the mutation on to offspring.

Which three processes illustrate natural selection? Select the three correct options.

Herbicide sprayed on plants over three years (Susceptible plants and Resistant plants)

Changes in beetle types over three generations (Beetle type 1, Beetle type 2, Beetle type 3)

Changes in snail shell color over three generations (Snail with black shell, Snail with grey shell, Snail with white shell)

Changes in caterpillar color over three generations (Dark colored caterpillars, Light colored caterpillars)

Changes in tomato plant traits over three generations (Tomato plants with bigger fruits, Tomato plants with more fruits)

Which is an example of natural selection?

the evolution of long necks in giraffes

the production of quality milk by dairy cattle

the development of genetically modified salmon for human use

the insertion of foreign DNA into plants to make them disease-resistant

Based on the image, what type of caterpillars will be produced in the fourth generation if the number of predatory birds keeps increasing in this area?

a high number of hairy caterpillars and very few non-hairy caterpillars

only non-hairy caterpillars and no hairy caterpillars

an equal number of both hairy and non-hairy caterpillars

a high number of non-hairy caterpillars and very few hairy caterpillars

Which statement is most likely correct about natural selection?

More individuals with favorable traits are produced in successive generations.

More individuals with unfavorable traits are produced in future generations.

The same number of individuals with favorable traits and unfavorable traits are produced in all generations.

The number of individuals with favorable traits in the next generation is half the number of individuals with unfavorable traits.

A small island was populated with many long-legged brown Anolis lizards and a few short-legged brown Anolis lizards. However, the introduction of large predatory lizards on the island caused a sharp change in the population size of both long-legged and small-legged brown Anolis lizards. The number of long-legged brown Anolis lizards decreased while the number of short-legged brown Anolis lizards increased in the later generations. What is the most likely reason the population of large-legged brown Anolis lizards decreased over time?

They could not blend well with the surroundings to hide from predators like the short-legged brown Anolis lizards.

They received less food than the short-legged brown Anolis lizards.

They could not reproduce faster than the short-legged brown Anolis lizards.

They could not avoid predators by climbing on trees like the short-legged brown Anolis lizards.

The table shows the population size of brown and black-colored pygmy grasshoppers living on the forest floor in the presence of their predators. Based on the table, which two statements can likely be concluded about the survival of brown and black-colored pygmy grasshoppers in the presence of predators?

Brown-colored pygmy grasshoppers are more likely to survive and reproduce than black-colored pygmy grasshoppers.

Black-colored pygmy grasshoppers are less likely to survive and reproduce than brown-colored pygmy grasshoppers.

Brown-colored pygmy grasshoppers are less likely to survive and reproduce than black-colored pygmy grasshoppers.

Black-colored pygmy grasshoppers are more likely to survive and reproduce than brown-colored pygmy grasshoppers.

Both black-colored pygmy grasshoppers and brown-colored pygmy grasshoppers are equally likely to survive and reproduce.

The image shows the selective predation of white rabbits by the eagle, resulting in a low population of white rabbits compared to brown rabbits. Which two statements can be concluded from this about the survival of the fittest?

The white rabbit is less fit and less likely to survive due to predation.

The brown rabbit is more fit and likely to survive due to natural selection.

The brown rabbit is less fit and less likely to survive due to predation.

The white rabbit is more fit and likely to survive due to natural selection.

The brown rabbit is less fit and more likely to survive due to natural selection.

A tropical area supported the population of two types of snakes, snake type 1 and snake type 2. After a few years, the tropical area experienced a severe drought, due to which the population size of both types of snakes was affected. Based on the image, what will most likely be observed in the tropical area in the later generations if the environmental conditions remain the same?

a larger number of snake type 2

a larger number of snake type 1

an equal number of snake types 1 and 2

a larger number of snakes with an intermediate coloration

What did the Grants' research suggest about the different variations of traits in finches and their ability to survive?

The data from their research helped confirm Darwin’s suggestion of natural selection leading to evolutionary changes over long periods of time.

As a result of their work, the Grants were able to determine that natural selection does occur as a need for the survival of a species.

The changes in the food supply only affected certain species of finches. Not all finches were affected from the lack of resources.

The Grants' research now suggests that evolution occurs quickly in all species of organisms compared to Darwin’s thought of a slow gradual process.

The Grants' work proved that the adaptations of the different birds allow them to compete for food.

Read the sentences below. Alaskan Wood Frogs can freeze up to 60 percent of their body. The frogs build up their glucose (sugar) concentrations in tissues and organs of the frog. This helps prevent the cells in the tissues from shrinking or dying. Which of the following BEST explains how this adaptation increases the probability the Alaskan Wood Frog will survive in this environment?

When harsh winter conditions develop in the area, the frog can prevent the change in the environment from affecting its homeostatic processes.

When food sources are scarce, this allows the frog to survive until more food is readily available.

Due to the large terrain of Alaska, the frog can freeze itself to preserve energy while traveling across the state.

As predators seek out the frog, its senses allow it to notify the internal processes to freeze. This prevents the predator from being notified there is prey nearby.

What role does natural selection play in the evolution of species in response to environmental changes?

It promotes the traits that are beneficial for survival and reproduction in the new environment.

It creates new beneficial genetic mutations as and when needed.

It ensures that every individual in the species survives the change.

It prevents any genetic changes in the species in the changed environment.

How does natural selection impact a population of rabbits living in a snowy environment if the rabbits are predominantly white?

White rabbits will have a higher survival rate due to camouflage.

White rabbits will become even more white over time.

White rabbits will begin to have a reduction in survival rates.

Brown rabbits will gradually start to become the dominant color.

If an island has mainly thick-shelled nuts, which squirrels would be most likely to survive according to natural selection?

Squirrels with strong teeth for cracking thick shells.

Squirrels that do not prefer eating nuts.

Squirrels that rely on fruits instead of nuts.

Squirrels with small teeth that are unable to crack shells.

In a pond where the water has become polluted, which kind of fish are most likely to survive and reproduce according to natural selection?

fish that can tolerate or resist the effects of pollution

brightly colored fish that attract predators

fish that prefer clean and unpolluted water

fish that are incapable of withstanding pollution

A type of bird that lives near the coast has become better at catching fish over generations. This adaptation can be best attributed to:

Natural selection favoring individuals that can effectively catch fish.

All bird species being inherently good at catching fish.

The birds thinking about and planning to improve their fishing skills.

Changes in fish behavior causing no difference in survival rates for the birds.

After a major forest fire, a specific type of beetle can feed on charred wood multiply rapidly in comparison to others. This scenario represents an instance of:

natural selection where beetles that can feed on charred wood become more prevalent

the forest becoming uninhabitable for all other beetles

beetles consciously changing their diet to charred wood

increasing mutation rates of beetles due to exposure to fire

Over time, a certain bird species in a rainforest starts to develop stronger beaks. This change is due to the bird's frequent interaction with hard fruit seeds. This situation is described as:

D. Natural selection favoring a strength trait that assists in food consumption.

A. A conscious decision by birds to grow stronger beaks.

B. Same genetic alterations in all birds leading to stronger beaks.

C. The effect of hard fruit seeds directly causing mutations for stronger beaks.

Over time, a certain bird species in a rainforest starts to develop stronger beaks. This change is due to the bird's frequent interaction with hard fruit seeds. This situation is described as:

D. Natural selection favoring a strength trait that assists in food consumption.

A. A conscious decision by birds to grow stronger beaks.

B. Same genetic alterations in all birds leading to stronger beaks.

C. The effect of hard fruit seeds directly causing mutations for stronger beaks.

What advantage does a thick layer of fur provide to Arctic animals?

It allows the animals to blend in with their snowy environment.

It enables the animals to swim more efficiently.

It helps the animals to reach high branches for food.

It makes the animals appear larger to potential predators.

In what way does a giraffe's long neck serve as a structural adaptation?

It allows the giraffe to reach food up high.

It aids the giraffe in outrunning predators.

It helps the giraffe regulate its body temperature.

How does mimicry enhance the survival chances of some insects?

It enables the insects to scare off predators by looking dangerous.

It aids the insects in finding mates.

It helps the insects move around more swiftly.

It helps the insects withstand harsh environmental conditions.

What purpose does the bright coloration of some tropical fish serve?

It warns predators that the fish are poisonous.

It helps the fish to maintain a stable body temperature.

It enables the fish to blend in with their aquatic habitats.

It assists the fish in navigating their underwater environment.

How does a kangaroo's structural adaptation of strong hind legs promote its survival in the wild?

by helping it run fast to escape predators

by enhancing its ability to swim

by improving its foraging efficiency

by allowing it to eat a wider range of food

How does a polar bear's behavioral adaptation to swimming long distances contribute to its survival in the Arctic?

by increasing its ability to hunt over a wide area

by making it more competitive in mating

by changing its color in different seasons

by helping it absorb sunlight for warmth

What structural adaptation in roots increases a plant's chance of survival in a dry environment?

being deep and extensive for water absorption

being able to grow wide for stability

having the ability to conduct photosynthesis

Which of the following is an example of a structural adaptation in plants that helps increase water retention?

the adaptation of small, thick leaves

the capability to grow tall trunks

the presence of large, broad leaves

the ability to grow elaborate root systems

Why do certain flowers have bright colors and sweet smells?

to attract pollinators for reproduction

to create harmful reactions in insects

How does a turtle's shell aid its survival?

It provides protection from predators.

It uses its shell to capture and eat prey.

It helps the turtle to swim faster in water.

It allows the turtle to fly to escape predators.

How does a cactus's structural adaptation to store water in its stem contribute to its survival?

It allows the cactus to survive in dry climates.

It helps the cactus to combat diseases.

It makes the cactus more attractive to wildlife.

It enables the cactus to produce more flowers.

Read the sentences below. The Bald Eagle is the only eagle unique to North America. It has been a symbol of the United States since 1782. The Bald Eagle was in danger of extinction only a few short years ago, but with the efforts of many people, organizations, and the federal government, eagles have made a return to the skies of North America. The Bald Eagle will build its nest in the tops of tall trees or other tall structures, usually near water because one of its main sources of food is fish. Which set of adaptations allow Bald Eagles to survive in their North American environment?

keen eyes for tracking prey from the air strong legs capable of lifting fish or other prey back to land strong, sharp claws for holding prey

long, straight, pointed beak which is good for grasping prey long and sleek feathers so the eagle can dive into the water for fish sensitive ears for hearing fish move about in the water

strong, webbed feet for swimming gills for breathing underwater lightweight, hollow bones which allow the eagle to fly

large eyes to track prey from the air long legs for wading water short, fat beak for breaking nuts

Which of the following environments would someone find an organism that uses chemosynthesis to make its food?

near hydrothermal vents on the deep ocean floor

in a tundra (extremely cold temperatures)

in temperate deciduous forests in Mississippi

in a desert (extremely hot environments)

Animals have adapted to their environment in many ways, including camouflage, mimicry, and learning skills such as nest building. Which of the following is the LEAST LIKELY reason for having an adaptation?

to make an animal susceptible to disease

to help an animal avoid predators

to make an animal look like another animal

to help an animal find a mate and reproduce

Unlike most birds, penguins live partially aquatic lives and do not fly. They have developed adaptations for living on both land and water. Which of the following is the BEST example of an adaptation that would help penguins in an aquatic environment, but would be absent in birds that do not lead aquatic lives?

Penguins have aerodynamically shaped bodies.

How do bright colors help the frogs survive?

They provide a warning to predators that the frogs may not be good to eat.

They allow the frogs to blend in with their rainforest ecosystem habitat.

They provide the frogs with a way to attract mates in the rainforest.

They allow the frogs to appear larger and frighten away predators.

Which of the following organisms will MOST LIKELY survive in a desert environment due to their variation of traits?

an organism with adaptations to help store water

an organism with a thick fur coat who can store fat in abundance

an organism with a streamlined body and bones that are light and spongy

an organism who has adapted to special diets to prevent from having to compete for food

Identify the animal adaptations with the environment the adaptations are MOST suited for.

cold, snowy and very little trees

dry, little precipitation and often hot

very windy, some rain and lots of types of grasses

extremely wet, large amount of different species of plants

How has the decrease in snow depth been more beneficial for the brown tawny owl population?

The decrease in snow depth exposed more food sources.

The decrease in snow depth enabled them to find mates more easily.

The decrease in snow depth made them more adaptable to the extreme cold.

The decrease in snow depth helped them be less visible to predators while in the tree branches.

A biologist observed finches on an island. The finches had a graded series of beak sizes and shapes. These finches evolved from a common mainland finch. To understand better, some finches were observed. They fed on large and hard seeds, unlike small-billed finches that fed on small and soft seeds. The regions abundant in large and hard seeds were inhabited by large-billed finches, and the small-billed finches inhabited the regions abundant in small and soft seeds. The biologist claimed that such variations in finches are due to natural selection. Which two statements support the claim?

Finches were found in the regions where their beaks adapted to food available in the region.

Finches that found favorable food in the region reproduced and increased their numbers in the region.

Finches with larger sizes reproduce more and increase in number.

Finches with large bills were dominant over the finches with small bills.

Finches that have more offspring compete better, irrespective of their characteristics.

Summative Review 4.B.1-2

Quiz

•

Science

•

8th Grade

•

Practice Problem

•

Hard

•

NGSS

MS-LS4-4, MS-LS2-4, MS-LS2-1

Standards-aligned

Tiffany Kokotakis

Used 1+ times

FREE Resource

84 questions

Show all answers

MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

What can be determined about resistant bacteria from the illustration above?

These bacteria can survive in the presence of antibiotics and some are even able to multiply.

This species of bacteria was able to become mostly resistant within a few populations.

The antibiotics worked extremely well, killing off the non-resistant bacteria.

This form of antibiotics will also kill viruses since it is able to kill resistant bacteria.

This was a weak antibiotic and could not kill off this strand of resistant bacteria.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

A species of beetles is common in a patch of woods that surround a major farming area. Farmers have noticed that the beetles have begun to feed more on the crops in the last few seasons due to warmer weather, causing an increase in the beetle population. The farmers decide to use a pesticide to reduce the impact of the beetles on their crops. Which beetle variation is MOST LIKELY to increase in the overall population that lives in the wooded areas around the farmland?

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

A species of beetles is common in a patch of woods that surround a major farming area. Farmers have noticed that the beetles have begun to feed more on the crops in the last few seasons due to warmer weather, causing an increase in the beetle population. The farmers decide to use a pesticide to reduce the impact of the beetles on their crops.

The beetle, circled A, has an advantage of survival because it carries both traits, allowing it to survive BEST in either environment.

The beetle, circled B, is a dominant trait and therefore will always be expressed most often in a population, regardless of the environment.

The beetle, circled C, now has an advantage that will help it survive in the changing environment.

The beetle, circled D, will be more camouflaged from predators and therefore survive more often.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Examine the graph below. (2 points) Which of the following statements about natural selection are BEST supported by the graph?

Both the brown and peppered moths were successful in survival and reproduction after the Industrial Revolution.

As the peppered moth population increased, the brown moth population decreased during the Industrial Revolution.

As the brown moth population increased, the peppered moth population decreased during the Industrial Revolution.

An increase in pollution decreased the food source for the moths during the Industrial Revolution, causing both populations of moths to decrease.

The peppered moths were better able to blend in and hide from predators before the Industrial Revolution.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Examine the graph and answer the question that follows. (2 points) The normal coloring of Peppered Moths in England and Ireland are white with black speckles. There is a naturally occurring mutation in the species that causes the wings to be almost black. In the nineteenth century, it was observed that around some towns and cities where pollution had turned the tree leaves to black, the black moths were more common. Which of the following explains the data in the graph above?

A. A change in an environment can result in the evolution of species living there.

B. The environment near these cities has historically favored dark-colored moths.

C. Evolution occurs so slowly that it is not possible to determine that it has happened in less than a million years.

D. Populations of plants and animals in nature most often consist of individuals that are clones of each other.

E. The environment can change to select against the adaptation it previously supported.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Examine the diagram below and answer the question that follows. Which of the following statements BEST explain what is happening in the diagram?

A. Traits that increase suitability to a species’ environment will be passed on to future generations.

B. Characteristics passed on will become common in the population.

C. Populations of organisms in nature most often consist of individuals that are clones.

D. There are variations among members of the same species.

E. All species produced more offspring than will survive to adulthood.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Examine the image below. Read the sentences below and answer the question that follows. The peppered moth, pictured above, has two alleles for wing color. The dominant color is white, and the recessive color is black. During the Industrial Revolution, black soot changed the light colored bark to a darker black color. Shortly after, the distribution of white peppered moths to black peppered moths changed. Which of the following statements about peppered moths are correct?

A. Peppered moths likely use camouflage to hide from predators.

B. Before the Industrial Revolution, there were a larger number of black peppered moths compared to white peppered moths.

C. In an area far away from industrial factories, one can expect to find more white peppered moths than black peppered moths.

D. The change in concentration of white peppered moths is a form of natural selection.

E. The black peppered moth is not well-adapted for the environment during the Industrial Revolution.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

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