According to Parse’s Theory of Human Becoming, health is viewed as:

• The absence of illness

• A process of becoming

• The maintenance of body equilibrium

• The restoration of normal function

The central focus of Parse’s theory is:

• Disease prevention

• Human–environment interaction

• Cure and rehabilitation

• Nursing diagnosis

Parse described three major principles. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

• Meaning

• Rhythmicity

• Transcendence

• Conformity

A nurse sitting quietly and listening to a terminally ill patient share life experiences is demonstrating which aspect of Parse’s theory?

• Knowing participation

• Rhythmicity

• Presence

• Objectivity

According to Locsin, technological competency in nursing means:

• Mastering medical equipment

• Using technology to know the patient as a person

• Delegating technical tasks to others

• Reducing nurse–patient contact

Which statement best reflects Locsin’s concept of caring?

• Caring is separate from technology.

• Caring and technology coexist to enhance knowing persons.

• Caring requires avoiding technological devices.

• Caring focuses on procedures.

When a nurse uses a cardiac monitor to assess a patient’s status while maintaining dialogue and empathy, this demonstrates:

• Depersonalized care

• Technological detachment

• Technological competency as caring

• Task-oriented nursing

Locsin’s theory aligns most closely with which of the following philosophical views?

• Humanistic

• Mechanistic

• Reductionist

• Dualistic

Agravante’s CASAGRA model emphasizes:

• Administrative leadership

• Spiritual and moral leadership in nursing

• Clinical skill development

• Research-oriented leadership

The acronym CASAGRA stands for:

• Caring, Spirituality, Gratitude

• Caring, Spirituality, and Gratitude in Leadership

• Caring–Spirituality–Gratitude Transformative Leadership

• Compassion–Service–Gratitude Model