Unit 8 Test

Why must the body obtain essential nutrients from food?

• The body can manufacture them quickly.

• The body cannot manufacture them at all or fast enough.

• They are not needed for bodily functions.

• They are only needed in small amounts.

Answer explanation

The body cannot manufacture essential nutrients at all or fast enough, making it necessary to obtain them from food to support vital bodily functions.

Which of the following is a component of a healthy diet?

• Sugars

• Proteins

• Preservatives

• Artificial flavors

Answer explanation

Proteins are essential for building and repairing tissues, making them a vital component of a healthy diet. In contrast, sugars, preservatives, and artificial flavors can be detrimental to health when consumed in excess.

Which nutrient is primarily responsible for forming important parts of muscles, bones, and enzymes?

• Carbohydrates

• Fats

• Proteins

• Vitamins

Answer explanation

Proteins are essential nutrients that play a crucial role in building and repairing muscles, bones, and enzymes, making them the primary component for these important bodily structures.

Which nutrient helps regulate body functions and acts as a catalyst for energy release?

• Water

• Minerals

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

Answer explanation

Minerals are essential nutrients that help regulate various body functions and act as catalysts in biochemical reactions, including energy release. They play a crucial role in maintaining overall health.

What is a micronutrient?

• An essential nutrient required by the body in relatively large amounts.

• An essential nutrient required by the body in minute amounts.

• The process of breaking down foods into compounds.

• A type of protein needed in large quantities.

Answer explanation

A micronutrient is an essential nutrient that the body needs in minute amounts, such as vitamins and minerals, to function properly, unlike macronutrients which are required in larger quantities.

How many calories per gram does fat provide?

• 4 calories

• 9 calories

• 7 calories

• 2 calories

Answer explanation

Fat provides 9 calories per gram, making it the most calorie-dense macronutrient compared to carbohydrates and proteins, which provide 4 calories per gram.

Why is nutrient density an important concept in nutrition?

• It helps identify foods that are high in calories

• It focuses on foods that are high in essential nutrients

• It emphasizes foods that are low in cost

• It categorizes foods based on taste

Answer explanation

Nutrient density is crucial as it highlights foods rich in essential nutrients relative to their calorie content, promoting better health choices and ensuring adequate nutrient intake.

What is a characteristic of "incomplete" protein sources?

• They provide all essential amino acids.

• They are high in fiber.

• They provide fewer amino acids.

• They are only found in animal products.

Answer explanation

Incomplete protein sources lack one or more essential amino acids, meaning they provide fewer amino acids compared to complete proteins, which contain all essential amino acids.

Which of the following is a good source of protein for a plant-based diet?

• Fish

• Poultry

• Quinoa

• Cheese

Answer explanation

Quinoa is a complete protein source, providing all nine essential amino acids, making it an excellent choice for a plant-based diet. In contrast, fish, poultry, and cheese are animal-based protein sources.

If a person weighs 180 lbs, how many grams of protein should they consume per day?

• 50 grams

• 65 grams

• 80 grams

• 100 grams

Answer explanation

A general guideline is to consume 0.8 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight. For 180 lbs (about 82 kg), this equals approximately 65 grams of protein daily, making 65 grams the correct choice.