What was the main goal of European explorers in the 1400s?

• To spread Christianity through Africa

• To conquer all of Asia

• To find direct trade routes to Asia’s goods

• To avoid the Ottoman Empire

Which inventions most improved sea travel for European explorers?

• Magnetic compass and astrolabe

• Steam engine

• Printing press

• Telescope

What advantage did the triangular sails on caravels give explorers?

• They could sail against the wind and travel faster

• They could carry more gold

• They could store more food

• They could ride out ocean storms

Who was the first European known to reach North America?

• Ferdinand Magellan

• Leif Erikson

• Hernán Cortés

• Marco Polo

What name is given to the global transfer of goods, animals, and ideas between hemispheres?

• Treaty between Spain and Portugal

• Columbian Exchange

• European Union

• Missionary Movement

Which animal from Europe forever changed Native American life on the plains?

• Cattle

• Sheep

• Horse

• Goat

What was one devastating consequence of the Columbian Exchange?

• Spread of deadly diseases to Native populations

• Collapse of European trade

• Decline in African kingdoms

• Loss of crops in Asia

Whose voyage opened the way for centuries of European colonization?

• Amerigo Vespucci

• Christopher Columbus

• Ferdinand Magellan

• Vasco da Gama

Who was the first European to see the Mississippi River?

• Hernando de Soto

• Francisco Pizarro

• Ponce de León

• Vasco Núñez de Balboa

What was the horrific voyage that carried enslaved Africans across the Atlantic known as?

• The Middle Passage

• The Great Crossing

• The Merchant Route

• The Trans-Atlantic Treaty