Types of Rocks

Igneous rock forms when:

• molten rock cools and solidifies

• sediments are buried, compacted, and cemented together

• minerals crystalize as they precipitate out of a solution

• minerals exposed to intense heat and pressure form new minerals

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

When magma cools and solidifies within earth, the rock that forms is called:

• intrusive igneous rock

• extrusive igneous rock

• sedimentary rock

• metamorphic rock

Extrusive igneous rocks cool very quickly. Minerals have very little time for crystals to form, which give these rocks a ______________ texture.

• fine-grained

• course-grained

When lava erupts from a volcano and cools and solidifies on the Earth's surface, the rock that forms is called:

• intrusive igneous rock

• extrusive igneous rock

• sedimentary rock

• metamorphic rock

Which of the following processes are NOT involved in the formation of sedimentary rock?

• weathering and erosion

• deposition and burial

• cementation and compaction

• melting, cooling, and solidification

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

This category of sedimentary rock forms from the remains, or fossils, of once-living plants and animals. Limestone and coal are examples of this type of sedimentary rock.

• clastic sedimentary rock

• chemical sedimentary rock

• organic sedimentary rock

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

This category of sedimentary rock forms when minerals dissolved in a solution of water precipitate out of the solution and crystalize. Halite (rock salt) is an example of this type of sedimentary rock.

• clastic sedimentary rock

• chemical sedimentary rock

• organic sedimentary rock

This category of sedimentary rock forms when sediments are buried, compacted, and cemented together. Sandstone, breccia, and conglomerate are examples of this type of sedimentary rock.

• clastic sedimentary rock

• chemical sedimentary rock

• organic sedimentary rock

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Metamorphic rock forms when:

• molten rock cools and solidifies

• sediments (small pieces of rock) build up, compact, and cement together

• high temperature and pressure cause the minerals in rock to change, forming new minerals

This type of metamorphic rock features mineral grains that have been realigned to form parallel bands:

• foliated metamorphic rock

• non-foliated metamorphic rock

• intrusive metamorphic rock

• extrusive metamorphic rock