Analogies

Complete the analogy: Pencil is to write as scissors is to _____.

• cut

• paper

• sharp

• metal

Answer explanation

The analogy shows a function relationship. A pencil's function is to write, and the function of scissors is to cut.

Match each analogy pair to its relationship type.

• Antonym (Opposite Meaning)

• hot : cold

• Location (Person to Place)

• happy : joyful

• Young to Adult

• student : classroom

• Synonym (Same Meaning)

• puppy : dog

Answer explanation

Each pair is matched to its specific relationship: 'happy' and 'joyful' are synonyms, 'hot' and 'cold' are antonyms, a 'student' is found in a 'classroom', and a 'puppy' grows into a 'dog'.

Complete the analogy: Finger is to hand as toe is to _____.

• foot

• shoe

• nail

• leg

Answer explanation

This is a part-to-whole relationship. A finger is a part of a hand, just as a toe is a part of a foot.

Sort each analogy into the category that best describes its relationship: Part to Whole or Cause and Effect.

Groups:

(a) Part to Whole

,

(b) Cause and Effect

• seed : plant

• rain : flood

• wheel : car

• keyboard : computer

Answer explanation

A 'wheel' is part of a 'car' and a 'keyboard' is part of a 'computer' (Part to Whole). A 'seed' can cause a 'plant' to grow and 'rain' can cause a 'flood' (Cause and Effect).

Complete the analogy: Cow is to calf as cat is to _____.

• kitten

• puppy

• cub

• feline

Answer explanation

This analogy shows an adult-to-young relationship. A calf is a young cow, and a kitten is a young cat.

Complete the analogy: Fish is to sea as camel is to _____.

• desert

• sand

• water

• zoo

Answer explanation

This is a location relationship. A fish's natural habitat is the sea, and a camel's natural habitat is the desert.

Match each analogy pair to the relationship it demonstrates.

• Function (Tool to its Product)

• petal : flower

• Part to Whole (Piece to its Entirety)

• ruler : measure

• Part to Whole (Section to its Entirety)

• chapter : book

• Function (Tool to its Purpose)

• camera : photograph

Answer explanation

Each pair is matched to its unique relationship. A camera produces a photograph, a petal is part of a flower, a ruler is used to measure, and a chapter is part of a book.

After studying for weeks, Maria got a good grade. Which analogy best shows this cause-and-effect relationship?

• effort : success

• teacher : student

• test : grade

• school : homework

Answer explanation

The sentence shows that Maria's effort (studying) was the cause of her success (good grade). The other pairs show different relationships.

Sort these word pairs based on their relationship: Synonyms (similar meaning) or Antonyms (opposite meaning).

Groups:

(a) Synonyms

,

(b) Antonyms

• begin : end

• big : large

• empty : full

• quiet : silent

• fast : quick

• happy : sad

Answer explanation

Synonyms are words with similar meanings, while antonyms are words with opposite meanings. The pairs are sorted into their correct groups based on these definitions.

What type of relationship is shown in the analogy "thermometer : temperature"?

• A tool and the thing it measures

• A part and its whole

• A cause and its effect

• An object and its location

Answer explanation

This is a function relationship. A thermometer is a tool specifically used for the purpose of measuring temperature.