Evolution

Darwin observed many different species of finches on the Galapagos Islands. What did he conclude about the finches?

• They evolved from a common ancestor on the mainland

• They evolved from many different types of birds

• They all came from different countries and continents

• They developed from other types of organisms

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Which statement best describes the process of evolution?

• Populations can survive in different locations on earth

• Environmental conditions limit the number of species on Earth

• Populations grow when resources are abundant

• The traits of a species can change over time

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Why did the population of peppered moths in England change from light to dark after the Industrial Revolution?

• Light moths were easy to see against sooty trees and were eaten

• Light moths were killed by the soot

• The birds that ate the dark moths were killed by the soot

• Dark moths were produced by the industrial processes

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Modern whales developed their traits through natural selection. What occurs during the process of natural selection?

• Organisms choose mates from other species to create new species

• Breeders selectively cross organisms with desired traits

• Only the fittest organisms can survive and reproduce

• Organisms remain exactly the same over time.

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Which bird is BEST adapted to live in a watery environment?

• A bird with short, fat legs and large claws on its feet

• A bird with short legs and large webbed feet

• A bird with short legs and short skinny toes

• A bird with long skinny legs and three thick toes with claws

Which of the items is most likely to be preserved as a fossil?

• A flower

• Hair or fur

• A tooth

• Blood

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What does the fossil record tell scientists?

• Only dinosaurs have formed the fossils scientists have discovered

• There are very few organisms that are extinct

• Species have evolved over time

• Birds have dominated the Earth for most of its history

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Darwin observed and recorded data about many species of finches. According to Darwin, how did the food source on each island affect how the birds evolved?

• Birds brought their favorite food with them to the island

• Birds with beaks adapted to the food source on the island survived and reproduced

• Birds changed food sources on the island to match their given beaks

• Birds ate only certain food sources, causing some foods to survive and others to die

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One theory suggests that giant wooly mammoths became extinct when the climate became warmer. Why did this lead to their extinction?

• They didn't die off, their traits just changed to match the new climate

• There was not enough food available in the warmer climate

• Their traits were best suited for a cold climate

• Smaller organisms thrived and larger organisms died off when the climate changed.

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In a population of codfish, a scientist notes that some fish have larger or smaller fins than others. These differences among the traits of organisms in a population are known as:

• Variation

• Extinction

• Evolution

• Competition

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