Early Republic Unit Review

Use the quotes and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following question.

"In every political society, [parties] are unavoidable. A difference of interests, real or supposed, is the most natural and fruitful source of these." — James Madison (1792)

"[Political parties] serve to distract the public and [weaken the government]. Parties [stir up] the community with ill-founded jealousies and false alarms." — George Washington (1796)

What were James Madison and George Washington disagreeing about in these statements?

• the necessity of political parties

• the rise of sectional rivalry

• the right of Americans to donate funds to political parties

• fear that political parties will use intimidation to elect their candidates

Alexander Hamilton’s economic plan was designed to —

• help build the national economy

• encourage British imports

• prevent Congressional control of interstate commerce

• strengthen the powers of state governments

Why did President George Washington caution Americans against forming alliances with foreign nations in his Farewell Address?

• He feared trade with Latin America would be harmed.

• He was troubled that France might establish colonies in the Americas.

• He worried that the nation might later be dragged into a foreign war.

• He sought to protect America’s Western frontier.

Use the chart and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following question. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN POLITICAL PARTIES: Federalists — Sought a strong national government; Favored manufacturers and merchants; Loose construction of the Constitution; Supported a national bank. Democratic-Republicans — Sought stronger state governments; Favored self-sufficient farmers; Strict construction of the Constitution; Opposed a national bank. What conclusion can best be drawn from the information in this chart?

• Political parties usually agree on most issues.

• The Federalists opposed most tariffs.

• The Democratic-Republicans favored a strong national bank.

• Political parties often have differing visions of the nation’s future.

Use the statement and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following question. "I know too that it is a maxim [principle] with us, and I think it a wise one, not to entangle ourselves with the affairs of Europe…." — Thomas Jefferson, 1787 Which document echoes the advice given by Thomas Jefferson in this statement?

• Mayflower Compact

• Declaration of Independence

• Articles of Confederation

• Washington’s Farewell Address

Which statement is true of the Louisiana Purchase?

• It extended the nation’s boundary to the Pacific Ocean.

• It removed the Spanish from North America.

• It doubled the size of the United States.

• It banned the expansion of slavery in the western territories.

Which would be a primary source of information about the War of 1812?

• a battle plan from 1813 for the attack on Fort McHenry

• a recent novel about the Battle of New Orleans

• a movie on the life of President James Madison

• a military history of the war written in 1905

The Embargo Acts and the War of 1812 were similar in that both events dealt with a conflict involving the —

• British kidnapping of American sailors

• emergence of manufacturing in the Northeast

• launch of a protective tariff on British imports

• decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court

Eli Whitney and Samuel Slater were important to the spread of the Industrial Revolution to the United States because they —

• created new methods of production

• devised new forms of transportation

• increased steel production

• built steam-powered machines

Use the graph and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following question. What conclusion can be drawn from the information in the graph?

• The U.S. government encouraged foreign trade between 1800 and 1812.

• American trade was affected by events taking place in Europe.

• Trade increased sharply with the passage of the Embargo Acts.

• American trading ships were attacked by France and Great Britain.