__are to ribosomes as lipids are to ___.

proteins; smooth endoplasmic reticulum

carbohydrates; rough endoplasmic reticulum

which is a true statement about ribosomes?

ribosomes are only found associated with the endoplasmic reticulum in prokaryotic cells

ribosomes are active in carbohydrate synthesis

ribosomal subunits leave the nucleus after being formed by the nucleus

DNA is housed within the nucleus, but the mRNA code needs to leave in order to be translated into a protein. How do mRNA code leave the nucleus if the nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear envelope?

The nuclear envelope dissolves in order to allow the mRNA code to leave.

The nuclear envelope contains pores which provide passage for the mRNA.

A vesicle will bud off from the nuclear envelope containing the mRNA.

What structures enable the vesicles from the Golgi apparatus to fuse with the cell membrane?

secretory vesicles that engulf the Golgi apparatus will allow the vesicles to fuse

cholesterol molecules within the cell membrane

All of the choices are correct.

provides the plant cell with support.

stores nutrients and cellular waste products.

Which is NOT a characteristic of mitochondria?

Mitochondria have a single membrane for cellular respiration.

Mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration.

The inner space of the mitochondrion contains a fluid matrix.

Mitochondria contain DNA and ribosomes.

Which cytoskeletal element is NOT correctly associated with its characteristic?

Centrioles are found in the microtubule organizing centers of plants.

Cilia are small extensions of membrane-surrounded microtubules.

Microtubules are made up of a globular protein called tubulin.

Flagella have a nine + two pattern of microtubule structure.

Basal bodies are located at the base of cilia and flagella.

Some parasites and disease agents regularly change their identity before our immune system can build up substantial antibodies. How can cells change their chemical identity on a regular basis?

Rapid evolution produces mutations.

A new phospholipid bilayer is generated to replace the old layer.

Because the membrane is "set," the cell must reproduce and then the cell with the old membrane must die.

Which of the following protein functions is not correctly associated with the correct integral protein?

channel proteins-block the activity of carrier proteins

carrier proteins-facilitate passage of molecules through the membrane

cell recognition proteins-recognize pathogens

enzymatic proteins-catalyze a specific reaction

Which statement is NOT true about the proteins in the plasma membrane?

Glycoproteins contain carbohydrate chains that are oriented toward the inner surface of the membrane.

Proteins may be attached to the inner surface of the plasma membrane.

Integral proteins are responsible for membrane functions.

Some peripheral proteins are connected to cytoskeletal filaments.

If a living plant were moved from a freshwater aquarium to a saltwater aquarium, which of the following would occur?

The plant's cells would lose water and plasmolysis would occur.

Nothing. The plant would be fine in either aquarium.

The plant's cells would take on water and would lyse.

The plant's cells would take on ions.

Which is the best definition of osmosis?

The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration.

The movement of a substance against its concentration gradient through the release of energy from ATP.

The movement of molecules from an area of their higher concentration to an area of their lower concentration.

Freshwater protozoans react to a/an___ environment by removing water through___

hypotonic; a contractile vacuole

isotonic, a contractile vacuole

What will happen to a celery stick that is placed in a glass of water?

Water will move into the celery cells from the surrounding solution.

Salts will move into the celery cells from the surrounding solution.

Salts will move out of the celery cells into the surrounding solution.

Water will move out of the celery cells into the surrounding solution.

Why is the energy expended during endocytosis worth it?

The contents drawn into the cell are isolated from the cytoplasm preventing them from altering cellular function.

The cell expends such a small amount of energy to run endocytosis it doesn't really matter.

The cell increases the amount of ATP produced in order to complete endocytosis.

There is no energy expénditure during endocytosis.

occurs in osmosis and facilitated transport.

Which of the following situations is most likely to produce a heart attack?

The gap junctions have collapsed and they do not allow the correct flow of ions from one cell to the next.

The cell walls have broken down and are not able to support the heart.

The plasmodesmata have collapsed and they do not allow the correct flow of ions from one cell to the next.

The tight junction has ripped and is allowing ions to leak through the membrane lining the heart.

Imagine a person has a genetic disorder that prevents them from producing the protein collagen. What types of cellular issues will they be faced with?

The cell would not have the ability to resist stretching.

The cell will not have the ability to divide properly.

The cell will not have the ability to regulate the movement of molecules through the membrane.

The cell would not be recognized by the body's immune system.

Study the graph shown here. The letter "B" depicts the__ , while "C" depicts __

energy of the reactant; energy of the product

reactant concentration; activation energy

energy of the product; energy of activation

energy of activation; energy of the product

All of the following would denature a protein except

heating to temperatures above 100° C.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about enzyme inhibition?

Competitive inhibitors denature the enzyme.

In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor binds to the active site of the enzyme.

In noncompetitive inhibition, the inhibitor binds to the allosteric site of the enzyme.

In irreversible inhibition, a poison binds to the enzyme so that it can never work again.

Most inhibitors act in a reversible fashion.

The activity of an enzyme might be increased by all of the following except

a two to four degree increase in temperature.

an increase in substrate concentration.

a nonprotein organic molecule that interacts with an enzyme to allow it to work.

an inorganic ion that interacts with an enzyme to allow it to work.

an inorganic ion that interacts with an enzyme to inhibit it.

a protein-based organic molecule that interacts with an enzyme to allow it to work.

If there are twelve different intermediate products produced in the stages of a metabolic pathway within a cell, we can expect that there

are about twelve enzymes, at least one responsible for each step in the metabolic pathway.

is one enzyme that carries this process through to the end product.

must be twelve different raw materials combined in the cell by one enzyme.

may not be any enzymes involved if this is a natural cell product.

is one enzyme for degradation and another enzyme for synthesis.

Lactose is milk sugar, and as infants, humans produce substantial amounts of the lactase enzyme to digest it. However as we age, we soon lose some or even all of our lactase. In such cases, undigested lactose passes to the lower intestine which will break it down into lactic acid and CO2, causing painful gas and bloating. This problem could be avoided by

taking lactase enzyme tablets or avoiding all dairy products.

taking any enzyme tablets when consuming dairy products.

taking lactase enzyme tablets when consuming lactose products.

consuming lactose in tablet form.

avoiding all dairy products containing lactose.

Which statement describes the currently accepted theory of how an enzyme and its substrate fit together?

As the substrate binds to the enzyme, the shape of the active site changes to accommodate the reaction.

When the product binds to the enzyme, the substrate changes shape to accommodate the reaction.

The enzyme is like a key that fits into the substrate, which is like a lock.

The active site is permanently changed by its interaction with the substrate.

Cell Structure and Function Concepts

Authored by Marissa Sanchez

Other

Professional Development

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63 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

what is the smallest unit of living matter

cell

nucleus

atom

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

a multicellular organism such as a rabbit, is

composed of on giant cell

composed of a single cell

composed of a variety of different cell types

composed of many cells that are all the same type

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

a multicellular organism such as a rabbit, is

composed of on giant cell

composed of a single cell

composed of a variety of different cell types

composed of many cells that are all the same type

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

which of the following features is a unique to bacterial cells compared to eukaryotic cells?

cell membrane

cell wall

ribosome

nucleoid region

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

most bacteria live in a solutions that is hypotonic relative to the cytoplasm of the bacteria. this means that the bacterial cell is constantly taking in water. The cell wall of bacterium is a peptidoglycan polymer that is tightly linked. this would therefore function to

make all bacteria fairly uniform in metabolic chemistry

provide a rigid wall that prevents the cell from shrinking

confirm a close relationship to plant cells that have a similar structure in hypotonic solutions

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

which of the following do not help direct the movement of materials or organelles throughout the cell

rough endoplasmic reticulum

cytoskeleton

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

ribosomes

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

according to the endosymbiosis theory___ were engulfed by larger eukaryotic cells.

ribosomes

golgi apparatus

lysosomes

mitochondria

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Cell Structure and Function Concepts

what is the smallest unit of living matter

a multicellular organism such as a rabbit, is

a multicellular organism such as a rabbit, is

which of the following features is a unique to bacterial cells compared to eukaryotic cells?

most bacteria live in a solutions that is hypotonic relative to the cytoplasm of the bacteria. this means that the bacterial cell is constantly taking in water. The cell wall of bacterium is a peptidoglycan polymer that is tightly linked. this would therefore function to

which of the following do not help direct the movement of materials or organelles throughout the cell

according to the endosymbiosis theory___ were engulfed by larger eukaryotic cells.

are to ribosomes as lipids are to _.

which cellular organelle is the most prominent?

which is a true statement about ribosomes?

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