General & Male Reproductive System

Which statement best describes the primary functions of the human reproductive system?

• Production of gametes and sex hormones, copulation, fertilization, and support for embryogenesis/fetal development

• Regulation of blood pressure and glucose, nutrient absorption, and immune defense

• Thermoregulation, oxygen transport, and waste excretion

• Synthesis of digestive enzymes and bile, storage of glycogen, and detoxification

Identify the correct pairing of primary sex organs (gonads) and their main products.

• Testes produce ova and estrogen; ovaries produce sperm and testosterone

• Testes produce sperm and testosterone; ovaries produce ova and estrogen/progesterone

• Testes produce progesterone; ovaries produce testosterone

• Testes and ovaries both produce only gametes without hormones

In males, which cells produce testosterone and respond to LH?

• Sertoli cells

• Leydig cells

• Spermatogonia

• Spermatids

Select the male secondary sex characteristics listed in the material.

• Facial hair growth

• Voice deepening

• Increased muscle mass

• Breast development

Which hormonal regulation axis correctly traces the control of gonadal function?

• Anterior Pituitary → Hypothalamus → Gonads

• Gonads → Hypothalamus → Anterior Pituitary

• Hypothalamus (GnRH) → Anterior Pituitary (FSH/LH) → Gonads

• Hypothalamus → Gonads → Anterior Pituitary

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Where are the testes located and why is this location physiologically important?

• In the pelvic cavity to maintain core temperature for optimal spermatogenesis

• In the scrotum for thermoregulation, keeping them 2–3°C cooler than core temperature

• In the abdominal cavity to protect against trauma

• In the inguinal canal to reduce blood pressure

Which statement about seminiferous tubules and associated cell types is correct?

• Sertoli cells produce testosterone and respond to LH; Leydig cells form the blood-testis barrier

• Sertoli cells form the blood-testis barrier, nourish sperm, secrete inhibin, and respond to FSH; Leydig cells produce testosterone and respond to LH

• Sertoli cells are motile sperm; Leydig cells are immature spermatids

• Both Sertoli and Leydig cells are diploid spermatogonia

Which is the correct sequence of cell stages in spermatogenesis?

• Spermatogonia → Secondary spermatocyte → Primary spermatocyte → Spermatids → Spermatozoa

• Spermatogonia → Primary spermatocyte → Secondary spermatocyte → Spermatids → Spermatozoa

• Primary spermatocyte → Spermatogonia → Secondary spermatocyte → Spermatozoa → Spermatids

• Spermatids → Spermatogonia → Primary spermatocyte → Secondary spermatocyte → Spermatozoa

Which hormones primarily support spermatogenesis?

• Progesterone and estrogen

• FSH and testosterone

• LH and prolactin

• GnRH and inhibin

Match each sperm region with its key feature or function.

• Head: nucleus with haploid DNA and acrosome containing hydrolytic enzymes

• Midpiece: packed with mitochondria providing ATP for motility

• Tail (flagellum): microtubule-driven propulsion via dynein motors

• Acrosome: endocrine gland secreting testosterone