Concept 2 Notes: Movement - Joint Classification

Which statement best defines a joint (articulation) as presented in the notes?

• The place where two muscles meet to contract

• The meeting place between two or more bones

• A band of tissue that connects muscle to bone

• A cavity within a bone that stores marrow

Body movements happen when muscles contract across joints, moving one bone toward another. Which pair correctly matches the connective tissue to what it attaches?

• Ligaments attach muscles to bones; tendons attach bones to bones

• Ligaments attach bones to bones; tendons attach muscles to bones

• Ligaments attach bones to muscles; tendons attach bones to cartilage

• Ligaments attach cartilage to bones; tendons attach bones to muscles

Functional classification of joints is based on what they do and how much movement they allow. Which statement follows from the given note, "The less movable the joint, the more stable it is"?

• Freely moving joints are always the most stable

• Non-moving joints tend to provide the greatest stability

• Slightly moving joints are the least stable of all

• Stability and mobility are unrelated in joints

Match each functional joint class to its description.

• Freely moving joints

• Synarthroses

• Non-moving joints

• Diarthroses

• Slightly-moving joints

• Amphiarthroses

Which example corresponds to a synarthrosis according to the notes?

• Knee joint during extension

• Part of the skull (cranium) protecting the brain

• Pubic bones meeting in the pelvis

• Elbow joint during flexion

Which is an amphiarthrosis ?

• Sutures between skull bones

• Where pubic bones meet in the pelvis

• Shoulder joint

• Interphalangeal joints of the fingers

Which statement about diarthroses is accurate?

• They are non-moving joints found mainly in the skull

• They are slightly moving joints found in the axial skeleton

• They are freely moving joints, such as knee and elbow joints

• They connect bones only by cartilage

Structural classification of joints is based on what binds the bones together and whether a cavity is present. Which structural class connects bones with the collagen fibers of dense connective tissue and is mostly immovable?

• Fibrous joints

• Cartilaginous joints

• Synovial joints

• Elastic joints

Match the named fibrous joint type to its example provided in the notes.

• Fibula and tibia in the lower leg held by ligaments only

• Gomphoses

• Bones in the skull held together

• Sutures

• Teeth embedded in their sockets

• Syndesmoses

Cartilaginous joints connect bones with cartilage and can be rigid but also slightly movable. Which pairing matches the example to the correct subtype?

• Synchondrosis — fibrocartilaginous intervertebral discs acting as shock absorbers

• Symphysis — immovable bar/plate of hyaline cartilage between sternum and first rib

• Synchondrosis — immovable joint made of a bar/plate of hyaline cartilage between the sternum and the first rib

• Symphysis — freely movable joint cavity between long bones