What were the outcomes of the Election of 1824? Choose two.

John Quincy Adams beat Andrew Jackson

Jackson received more popular votes

Andrew Jackson beat John Quincy Adams

Adams received more popular votes

What is meant by a "corrupt bargain"?

An accusation that a political deal was made in secret

A constitutional dispute in which Congress votes to invalidate a presidential election because of improper ballot counting procedures

A situation in which a political candidate publicly refuses a cabinet appointment in protest of unethical campaign practices

A formal allegation that an election result was overturned due to proven voter fraud conducted by local officials

Who and what does the "corrupt bargain" refer to?

John Quincy Adams proposed a "corrupt bargain" with Speaker of the House Henry Clay to gain votes for president in exchange for the Secretary of State position

A private agreement between the Supreme Court and Congress in which key justices were promised political support in return for favorable rulings on election disputes.

Andrew Jackson secretly negotiated with state governors to secure their electoral votes in exchange for military appointments.

John Quincy Adams and his Treasury Secretary manipulated federal banking policies in order to influence the outcome of the 1824 election.

What was the outcome of the Election of 1828? Choose two.

Andrew Jackson won the popular vote.

John Quincy Adams won the popular vote.

Name two changes between the election of 1824 and the election of 1828 that impacted the outcome of the election?

There were three times as many voters in the 1828 election.

More white males without property were allowed to vote.

The voting age was reduced to 18.

The Constitution was amended to eliminate the electoral college, allowing the 1828 president to be chosen entirely by the national popular vote.

Most states abolished political parties between 1824 and 1828, forcing all candidates to run as independents and dramatically changing voter behavior.

How did the results of the 1828 election imply that sectionalism was still present in the country?

The election showed that regional voting patterns were based on beliefs. The North favored trade and manufacturing. The South favored slavery and cash crops.

The Midwest voted almost entirely for a candidate who campaigned on creating a separate regional currency, while the Northeast united behind preserving a national banking system.

Southern agricultural states rallied behind a candidate who promised to end all tariffs immediately, while northern industrial states backed a candidate calling for the highest tariffs in U.S. history.

Northern states overwhelmingly supported a candidate who promised to abolish western land sales, while western states united behind a plan to shut down northern factories

What was the Tariff of 1828?

A high tax on imported goods implemented to protect Northern industry.

A policy that required every state to create its own individual tariff system, eliminating the federal government’s power to regulate international trade.

A federal law that completely abolished all import taxes in an effort to encourage free trade with Europe.

A congressional act that imposed heavy taxes on agricultural exports rather than imports, leading southern states to profit significantly from higher crop prices.

Why did the South call the Tariff of 1828 the Tariff of Abominations?

It impacted the southern economy negatively while the tariff had positive effects on northern manufacturing.

It banned the export of southern cotton entirely, causing a sudden economic collapse in the South.

It forced southern states to adopt the same high tariffs as European countries, creating international trade conflicts.

It required southern farmers to pay taxes directly to northern banks instead of the federal government.

What was the Nullification Crisis (1832-1833) about?

South Carolina attempted to battle the U.S. government over tariffs which John C. Calhoun declared unconstitutional.

Jackson and Calhoun clashed over a federal tariff that forced southern states to pay extra taxes on exports to northern states.

Henry Clay and Daniel Webster supported a tariff that Calhoun claimed unfairly lowered taxes on European luxury goods, prompting southern resistance.

John C. Calhoun and Martin Van Buren disputed a tariff that supposedly allowed northern manufacturers to avoid paying duties, which southern states tried to nullify.

How did the Nullification Crisis contribute to sectionalism in the country?

It showed the South's opposition to high tariffs, which they argued the North ultimately benefited from.

It heightened sectionalism because northern states threatened to secede if southern states didn’t raise tariffs to match northern manufacturing interests.

It increased sectional tensions when western states joined southern states in refusing to pay any federal taxes, forming a “western-southern alliance” against the North.

It contributed to sectionalism because southern states tried to impose their own tariffs on northern goods without federal approval, escalating regional rivalries.

What was the Panic of 1837?

A financial crisis that began a major depression in the United States

It was a military conflict between western settlers and Native American tribes that disrupted trade and caused financial panic

It was a political scandal involving Andrew Jackson and John C. Calhoun over election fraud

It was a crisis caused by northern states refusing to trade with the South, leading to a collapse in southern agriculture

What resulted from the Panic of 1837?

A severe economic depression that lasted for years and the collapse of the banking system in the United States

The immediate repeal of all tariffs and trade laws, which fully restored economic stability within months

A sudden increase in westward expansion as Americans fled the failing economy to start new settlements in the west

A permanent abolition of the banking system in the United States, replaced entirely by bartering and local currencies

What was the Indian Removal Act?

An act that authorized the president to negotiate removal treaties with Native American tribes

A federal act that prohibited any forced relocation and guaranteed lifelong protection of all tribal lands

A policy that encouraged Native Americans to settle in major cities and integrate immediately into urban economies

A law that granted Native American tribes full ownership of all federal lands and exempted them from U.S. taxes

Why were Native Americans ordered to leave their lands?

to expand the "white" culture and farming

in exchange for positions in government

to improve urban development in major cities

in exchange for their citizenship

What is "Indian Territory"?

what is now present-day Oklahoma

what is now present-day Illinois

what is now present-day South Dakota

What was the Bureau of Indian Removal?

administration of the Indian Removal Act

agency created to provide Native Americans with free education

government office responsible for helping Native Americans assimilate

organization that promoted voluntary land exchange