Chapter 11, 12, and 13 flashcard | Quizlet

What are the three regions of the brain stem?

• The basal ganglia, pineal gland, and pituitary gland.

• The thalamus, hypothalamus, and cerebellum.

• The cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala.

• The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.

What is the absolute refractory period?

• The time when the neuron is most sensitive to stimuli.

• The time from the opening of the Na+ channels until they reset, during which a neuron cannot trigger another action potential.

• The interval when the neuron can trigger multiple action potentials simultaneously.

• The period after the Na+ channels close when the neuron is at rest.

What do dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathways transmit?

• Input for balance and coordination to the cerebellum.

• Information for visual processing to the occipital lobe.

• Input for discriminative touch and vibrations to the somatosensory cortex.

• Signals for muscle strength and endurance to the motor cortex.

What is the function of microglial cells?

• They support neuronal structures and nutrient supply.

• They form the myelin sheath around nerve fibers.

• They transmit nerve impulses to other neurons.

• They can transform into phagocytes to clear microorganisms and neuronal debris.

Which neuropeptides act as natural opiates?

• Serotonin.

• Catecholamines.

• Endorphins.

• Prostaglandins.

Which cranial nerve is responsible for the sense of vision?

• CN XII: Hypoglossal nerve.

• CN I: Olfactory nerve.

• CN X: Vagus nerve.

• CN II: Optic nerve.

How does saltatory conduction differ from continuous conduction?

• Saltatory conduction occurs in nonmyelinated axons where the signal travels continuously, and is faster than conduction in myelinated axons.

• Saltatory conduction occurs in myelinated axons where the signal jumps between nodes of Ranvier, and is much faster than continuous conduction in nonmyelinated axons.

• Saltatory conduction occurs in axons without nodes of Ranvier, and is slower than continuous conduction in myelinated axons.

• Saltatory conduction occurs in dendrites where the signal moves slowly, and is slower than continuous conduction in axons.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-5

What are the four main types of neuroglia (glial cells) in the CNS?

• Neurons, glial fibers, synaptic cells, and dendritic cells.

• Neurotransmitters, astrocytes, Schwann cells, and oligodendrocytes.

• Astrocytes, microglial cells, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes.

• Microglia, sensory cells, motor neurons, and ependymal fibers.

What are the three layers of the meninges, from external to internal?

• Epidural layer, subdural layer, and pia mater.

• Dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.

• Dura mater, subdural mater, and pia mater.

• Arachnoid mater, pia mater, and subdural mater.

What does Ohm's law state in the context of electricity in the nervous system?

• The part of the nervous system outside the CNS, consisting mainly of nerves.

• Current (I) = Voltage (V) / Resistance (R).

• The thalamus.

• The limbic system.