AP World History Unit 4 Test

Which of the following best explains Europe's abillity to gain a greater share of global trade in the early modern period?

• Easing of tensions among European states

• Adoption and improvement of maritime technologies by Europeans

• Europeans' increased interest in foreign language and cultures

• Diffusion of European manufacturing technology and processes to Asia

Which of the following factors best explains why the Portuguese did not engage in direct trading relations with West African states until the 15th century?

• Lack of the necessary navigational and maritime technology

• Lack of European interest in African goods

• A prohibition on external trade by the islamic states of North Africa

• Directives from the pope to limit Christian trade with Africa

Some world historians have argued that the growth of European influence in the period 1450-1750 was due in large part to non-European inventions. The history of which of the following technological developments best supports this contention?

• The compass

• Silk weaving

• Steam power

• The stirrup

Muslim maritime activities in the Indian Ocean would he most disrupted by which of the following sixteenth century developments?

• The voyages of Chinese treasure fleets led by Zheng He

• The arrival of Portuguese and other Europeans

• The spread of epidemic diseases

• The growth of the African slave trade

Which of the following processes most immediately led to the global expansion of European political power in the period circa 1500?

• The Columbian Exchange

• The Ottoman conquest of Constantinople

• Advances in shipbuilding and navigational methods

• Advances in medicine that improved Europeans' ability to survive in tropical climates

Which of the following best explains a similar motivation behind the establishment of Portuguese trading posts in Africa and the establishment of Portuguese trading posts in Asia?

• The trading posts in both religions were intended to prevent economic collapse following the disintegration of powerful local empires.

• The trading posts in both regions were intended to facilitate commercial cooperation between European states.

• The trading posts in both regions were intended to facilitate the transfer of slaves to the Americas

• The trading posts in both regions were intended to allow the Portuguese to control access to heavily trafficked maritime routes.

All of the following pieces of evidence in the passage directly support the author's claim that the "pestilence" was "terrible" EXCEPT:

• The Maya king died in the epidemic

• Fear of the disease drove Maya people to commit suicide

• The disease killed members of the Maya elite, including elders and priests

• The disease led to the arrival of Dominican friars

Which of the following pieces of evidence does the author use to support his claim that the arrival of the Spanish "destroyed our people"?

• The Spanish spread infectious disease among the Maya.

• The Spanish conquered all Maya towns.

• Maya people became poor.

• The Spanish assassinated the king's eldest son.

Which of the following pieces of evidence does the author use to support his implicit argument that Maya society underwent a dramatic cultural change in the sixteenth century?

• Dominican friars knew the Maya language

• The Maya were converted to Christianity

• The Maya nobility lost its social status

• Maya people before the conquest were illiterate

The economic activities described in the passage contributed most directly to which of the following?

• The emergence of the first truly global exchange networks

• The beginning of the process of industrialization

• The establishment of the first chartered and limited-liability commercial companies

• The rapid growth of China's population under the Song and Ming dynasites